<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 4/20/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">BillK</b> <<a href="mailto:pharos@gmail.com">pharos@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_surgery">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_surgery</a>><br><br>Three major advances aided by surgical robots have been remote<br>surgery, minimally invasive surgery, and unmanned surgery. Major
<br>potential advantages of robotic surgery are precision and<br>miniaturization. Further advantages are articulation beyond normal<br>manipulation and three-dimensional magnification. Some surgical robots<br>are autonomous, and they are not always under the control of a
<br>surgeon. They are only sometimes used as tools to extend the surgical<br>skills of a trained surgeon.<br><br>(Check the links at the foot of this article).<br>------------------------<br><br>Autonomous surgical robots are still rare at the present time.
<br>Keyhole surgery robots are available now in some hospitals.<br>The army is especially interested in remote-control surgical robots<br>and a lot of development is going on.<br><br>A search on - surgical robot - (both a news search and a web search)
<br>turns up lots of hits of exciting new developments.<br><br><<a href="http://www.roboticsurgicaltech.com/">http://www.roboticsurgicaltech.com/</a>><br><br>It doesn't look as though these machines are very far away.
</blockquote><div><br>If you check out the links, most of them describe either telepresence robots controlled by a surgeon or else very specialised, stereotypic surgical procedures. The difference between an autonomous robot surgeon and a human surgeon today is like the difference between an apple-peeling machine and a robot with general dexterity that can drive to the supermarket, find and buy the apples, drive home, find the appropriate knife in the kitchen, and start peeling them. In a sense, it would be like passing the Turing test for motor skills. It will probably happen, but I don't think it's just around the corner.
<br><br>Stathis Papaioannou<br></div></div><br>