<html><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:12pt"><div style="RIGHT: auto"><SPAN style="RIGHT: auto">Without reading the article, I would say some economic models and some evolutionary models predict that -- not all. (In fact, it terms of economics, it's really those theorists who bake in a certain view of human psychology, action, and values that end up with models like that.<VAR id=yui-ie-cursor></VAR>)</SPAN></div>
<div style="RIGHT: auto"><SPAN style="RIGHT: auto"></SPAN> </div>
<div style="RIGHT: auto"><SPAN style="RIGHT: auto">Regards,</SPAN></div>
<div style="RIGHT: auto"><SPAN style="RIGHT: auto"></SPAN> </div>
<div style="RIGHT: auto"><SPAN style="RIGHT: auto">Dan</SPAN></div>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: times new roman, new york, times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT size=2 face=Arial>
<DIV style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #ccc 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 0; MARGIN: 5px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; HEIGHT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 0px; BORDER-TOP: #ccc 1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #ccc 1px solid; PADDING-TOP: 0px" class=hr contentEditable=false readonly="true"></DIV><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">From:</SPAN></B> BillK <pharos@gmail.com><BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></B> Extropy Chat <extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org><BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></B> Friday, August 5, 2011 9:39 AM<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></B> [ExI] Survival of the nicest<BR></FONT><BR>'Survival of the fittest' in human society doesn't mean survival of<BR>the toughest or most ruthless.<BR><BR><<A href="http://www.futurity.org/society-culture/generosity-survival-of-the-nicest/"
target=_blank>http://www.futurity.org/society-culture/generosity-survival-of-the-nicest/</A>><BR>Quote:<BR>Economic models of rationality and evolutionary models of fitness<BR>maximization both predict that humans should be designed to be selfish<BR>in one-time only situations. Yet, experimental work—and everyday<BR>experience—shows that humans are often surprisingly generous.<BR><BR>“So one of the outstanding problems in the behavioral sciences was why<BR>natural selection had not weeded out this pleasing but apparently<BR>self-handicapping behavioral tendency,” Tooby says.<BR><BR>“The paper shows how this feature of human behavior emerges logically<BR>out of the dynamics of cooperation, once an overlooked aspect of the<BR>probleM—The inherent uncertainty of social lifEn—Is taken into<BR>account.<BR><BR>“People who help only when they can see a gain do worse than those who<BR>are motivated to be generous without always looking ahead
to see what<BR>they might get in return.”<BR>--------------------<BR><BR>BillK</DIV></DIV></div></body></html>