Here is a source mentioning the article I talked about on the intelligence of Jewish people in Europe.<div><br><div><h1 style="padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0px;line-height:1em;font-family:'Times New Roman',Times,serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
<font class="Apple-style-span" size="4">Researchers Say Intelligence and Diseases May Be Linked in Ashkenazic Genes</font></h1><div><br></div><div><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/03/science/03gene.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/03/science/03gene.html</a></div>
<div><br></div><div>Giovanni</div><div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Dec 14, 2011 at 12:25 AM, Giovanni Santostasi <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:gsantostasi@gmail.com">gsantostasi@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I read sometime ago an article that explained that the severe restrictions on what Jews could do in terms of jobs put a very strong evolutionary pressure on this population.<div>
They could not own land, they could not do traditional academic jobs, they of course could not join the christian clergy (unless they converted). The only jobs left were jobs that were considered demeaning like certain kind of trade, banking, lawyering required intellectual skills for survival and success.</div>
<div>I find this explanation very convincing.</div><div>Giovanni</div><div><div></div><div class="h5"><div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Dec 13, 2011 at 11:41 PM, PJ Manney <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:pjmanney@gmail.com" target="_blank">pjmanney@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">2011/12/12 John Grigg <<a href="mailto:possiblepaths2050@gmail.com" target="_blank">possiblepaths2050@gmail.com</a>>:<br>
<div>> I think that the ban on Christians charging interest for loans, may have<br>
> caused change in the Jewish gene pool, in terms of the selection for<br>
> the type of intelligence that excels at finance. But then the Jews had a<br>
> strong merchant class dating back to the Babylonians and the Romans. I<br>
> think if any people have been molded for success by powerful selective<br>
> pressures from within and without, it is the Jews. I find it painfully<br>
> ironic that Hitler and the Nazi's considered themselves a "master race," and<br>
> persecuted the Jews, when the Jews are a prime example of several millennia<br>
> of intense cultural eugenics at work, with the end result being a people who<br>
> have achieved so much for humanity.<br>
<br>
</div>As a resident Ashkenazi (which simply means "German" in Medieval<br>
Hebrew), please allow me to weigh in. Jews will tell you the<br>
following might have exerted pressures on their culture and gene pool<br>
for increased intelligence:<br>
<br>
1) Your above mentioned ban on usury.<br>
<br>
2) Your above mentioned experiences in trade. Jews traveled all over<br>
Europe and Asia as soon as trade routes were established. They<br>
settled in Europe in the early middle ages. It's how the Ashkenazim<br>
(a branch of Judaism) as a genetic pool even exist. A few traveling<br>
traders/bankers married gentile/pagan women. Supposedly, it's how<br>
many Ashkenazim got red/blonde hair, green/blue eyes, etc. Someone<br>
should study haplogroups to see if it's true and not just parallel<br>
mutation.<br>
<br>
3) Beyond that early intermarriage, we're really inbred!<br>
<br>
4) The smartest men in the community had the highest and most<br>
prestigious job: Rabbi. The first cut was dynastic (the<br>
Cohen/Kohein/Kohanim and Levi families), but they chose the best<br>
scholars from those families to become rabbis. Scholars were a<br>
prestigious job, too. They married sought-after women in their<br>
communities and were under biblical orders to be fruitful and<br>
multiply... ;-) Otherwise, wealth, jobs and social class were<br>
dynastic. The top women (and intelligence was valued in women, too --<br>
see #5) married the wealthiest men and had the most children who<br>
survived.<br>
<br>
5) I don't know if you've spent much time with Jewish women, but they<br>
were raised to be more than competent -- they had to be dominant.<br>
While the men in the old days were studying and arguing their Torah,<br>
the women secretly ran the businesses, raised the families and kept<br>
the home fires burning, while the men took the credit for a profitable<br>
business, smart kids and well-run homes. Girls needed intellectual<br>
skills to pull this trick off, so they were taught mathematics,<br>
languages, etc. And if you had no sons to push into scholarship, you<br>
raised your daughters secretly with advanced schooling. My<br>
great-grandmother was the youngest of six daughters to a<br>
merchant-banker in Warsaw. Like her sisters, she spoke 6 languages<br>
fluently, was taught mathematics, economics, science and philosophy.<br>
When her father tried to marry her off to a local aristocrat, she ran<br>
away to the New World, married a poor, but adorable and loving tailor<br>
and used her knowledge to create a real estate business and raise very<br>
smart kids. And this was not unusual! So intelligence was valued in<br>
women, not just men.<br>
<br>
6) Judaism as a culture reveres learning and analysis in general.<br>
Even regarding their religious writings, there is not a written word<br>
in the culture that has not been argued, debated, analyzed,<br>
reinterpreted, etc. continually for the last 2000 years.<br>
<br>
7) Being a persecuted underdog for 2 millennia does wonders for<br>
survival skills, which are linked to intelligence. I firmly believe:<br>
increased pattern recognition > intelligence > paranoia > survival.<br>
Woody Allen was right: it's not whether you're paranoid. It's whether<br>
you're paranoid enough.<br>
<br>
8) As the perpetual outsider, Jews have had to assimilate local<br>
traditions while preserving their own cultural heritage. It's this<br>
cultural mishmash and the related practice of synthesizing large<br>
amounts of divergent information that often brings fresh intellectual<br>
and creative insights. I really think this is a significant reason<br>
why 0.2% of the world is Jewish, but 20% of the Nobel winners are<br>
Jewish.<br>
<br>
9) The IQ increase is predominantly found in Ashkenazim, which is<br>
between 50% and 80% of the world's Jews, depending on the source.<br>
<br>
There's still enormous debate whether there is or isn't a genetic<br>
component to all of the above and the arguments both pro and con are<br>
sadly rife with political correctness, bigotry, bias, etc. Pity...<br>
<font color="#888888"><br>
PJ<br>
</font><div><div></div><div><br>
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