<div class="gmail_quote">On 13 May 2012 17:52, Anders Sandberg <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:anders@aleph.se" target="_blank">anders@aleph.se</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">There is also something transhumanly interesting in the question
itself: is there a sharp distinction, some important threshold,
between animals and humans, or is it just that humans have more of
some faculties than other species? </div></blockquote><div><br>My tentative answer, which is obviously influenced by a both "anti-egalitarian" and "anti-specieist" worldview, is: <br>i) of course humans are absolutely peculiar;<br>
ii) but exactly in the same sense where a a dog is not a chimp, let alone an octopus;<br>iii and most if not all human features can be unsurprisingly approximated the closer a given species is to our own in the evolutionary tree (and, more surprisingly, by species which are relatively far from our branch, but see in natural history the times eyes or wings have been independently invented).<br>
<br>One relevant issue, however, is that we do find ourselves relatively "insulated" in such continuous by the fact that all other species of the genus Homo are by now extinct - were australopiteci or Neanderthals still roaming the earth, or when we succeed in resurrecting their species, this optical illusion could be weakened.<br>
<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">And I'll quote:<br>
<br>
"We have given you, O Adam, no visage proper to yourself, nor
endowment properly
your own, in order that whatever place, whatever form, whatever
gifts you may, with
premeditation, select, these same you may have and possess through
your own
judgement and decision. The nature of all other creatures is defined
and restricted
within laws which We have laid down; you, by contrast, impeded by no
such restrictions,
may, by your own free will, to whose custody We have assigned you,
trace for
yourself the lineaments of your own nature. I have placed you at the
very center of
the world, so that from that vantage point you may with greater ease
glance
round about you on all that the world contains. <br>
<br>
We have made you a creature neither
of heaven nor of earth, neither mortal nor immortal, in order that
you may, as the free
and proud shaper of your own being, fashion yourself in the form you
may prefer. It
will be in your power to descend to the lower, brutish forms of
life; you will be able,
through your own decision, to rise again to the superior orders
whose life is divine."<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br></font></span></div></blockquote><div><br clear="all"></div></div>"Nietzsche is the first thinker, who, in view of the world history emerging for the first time, ask the decisive question and thinks through its metaphysical implications. The question is: Is man, as man in his nature til now, prepared to assume dominion over the whole earth? If not, what must happen to man as he is so that he may be able to 'subject' the earth and thereby fulfill the world of an old testament? Must man, as he is, then, not be brought beyond himself if he is to fulfill this task? [
] One thing, however, we ought soon to notice: this thinking that aims at the figure of a teacher who will teach the Superman concerns us, concerns Europe, concerns the whole Earth not just today, but tomorrow even more. It does so whether we accept it or oppose it, ignore it or imitate it in a false accent. :-)<br>
<br>-- <br>Stefano Vaj<br>