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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>>…</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <b>On Behalf Of </b>James Clement<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [ExI] 23andme again<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Wed, Jun 5, 2013 at 1:24 AM, Dan <<a href="mailto:dan_ust@yahoo.com" target="_blank">dan_ust@yahoo.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>>>…</span><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Are you sure of the 23AndMe results themselves?<span style='color:#1F497D'>...</span>out of wedlock children and promiscuity are not something invented in recent times. So, I'm not totally surprised.)<span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D;background:white'>>…</span><span style='background:white'>"In a recent study in England, for example, Baker (2002) has suggested that about 10% of people do not have the genetic father which they think they have. This varies tremendously dependent on some variables, especially social class. "</span><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='background:white'>James<span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>If you have ever spent any time doing genealogy the old fashioned way, the kind that involves looking through census records on microfilm and paper books, you know that in general, genealogy is the very best example of crowdsourced amateur “science.” I use the term science a little loosely, but it works: figuring out who spawned who is a map of natural history in a way. If you have visited archives, you know how much knowledge has accumulated, from the collective efforts of perhaps millions of people, with perhaps hundreds of thousands who have gone to the trouble of recording the findings and binding them in a book. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>If you have never visited a genealogical library, it isn’t too late but it is certainly getting late. Those will likely be gone in the next couple decades.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Just yesterday, I discovered a bound book in my mother’s collection in which someone had done a complete genealogy of a guy who lived in the USA in the early 1700s. I am among his larvae. I compared with my own notes and realized this distant cousin did it all correctly, and went beyond what I already knew.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>It is foreseeable to me that in twenty years, there will be enough accumulated knowledge in DNA archives, that a client can submit a sample and the archive will send you back a complete history of your ancestors, not the legal ones necessarily but the genetic ones. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Note this, remember who said it. We can imagine competitions, where we score a point if our legal father is our father, half a point if a parents is the legal offspring of our grandparents (so a total of one point available in that generation) a quarter of a point for each legitimate grandparent, and so forth. Then we calculate a ratio of genetic ancestors to legal ancestors ratio. Go back three generations, you have a total of three points available, so if you have one illegitimate grandparent and one illegitimate great grandparent, your score would be 2.25/3, or .75. Then we could have competitions to see who descended from the flooziest family! Or which parent contributed the most promiscuity to one’s own character, so if one is oneself sleazy, you know which parent or grandparent is most to blame. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Great grandma, we are closing in on your loose ways. Your youthful indiscretions are clawing their way out of the grave; we are coming.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Is this a great time to be living, or what?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>{8^D<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>spike <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></body></html>