<div dir="ltr">Stuart Armstrong and Anders Sandberg wrote:<br><br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex" class="gmail_quote">> There are about 2. 5* 10^ 11 stars in the Milky Way and about 5*10^22 stars in the visible universe. Planetary systems appear to be relatively common<br>
</blockquote><br>Those are some big numbers, but I think biology may be able to come up with numbers that are just as big as those that astronomy can and perhaps even bigger.<br><br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex" class="gmail_quote">
> Assuming the mediocrity principle [...] <br></blockquote><br>That is quite an assumption! The average cubic meter in the universe contains just one hydrogen atom and about 5 times that amount of mass in the form of Dark Matter, whatever the hell that is. So the Earth environment is very very very unusual. <br>
<br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex" class="gmail_quote">> Even if a very small fraction such worlds developed intelligence, e.g. 10^-9 it would imply hundreds of intelligent species in the Milky Way.<br>
</blockquote><br>But where did you come up with that 10^-9 figure? Why isn’t the probability of evolving intelligent life in a given solar system 10^-30? I don’t think astronomy has a monopoly on big numbers.<br><br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex" class="gmail_quote">
> the Earth is certainly not among the earliest terrestrial planets.<br></blockquote><br>I don’t believe we know that to be the case, it could be that there are no terrestrial planets significantly older than Earth's 4.5 billion years. And if it had taken just 800 million years longer for intelligent beings to evolve on the Earth humanity would have discovered fire just about the time when life of any sort would no longer be possible because the sun would be starting to get off the main sequence. <br>
<br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex" class="gmail_quote"> > Indeed it has been indeed it has been estimated that of the stars that could have planets with complex life on them in the Milky Way, 75% of them are older than our sun<br>
</blockquote><br>But we don’t know if any of those very old stars, such as those found in globular clusters, have planets. We do know that today those very old stars contain very little metal and when they were first formed long ago they had even less. By “metals” astrophysicists mean every element except hydrogen helium and lithium, and you can’t make life with just that, or even make planets except for gas giants. <br>
<br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex" class="gmail_quote">> if the alien civilisations wished to remain undetectable, <br></blockquote><br>It is very hard for me to believe that a super mega advanced civilization would think we were even worth the bother of hiding from. <br>
<br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex" class="gmail_quote">> it would be relatively easy for them to do so. We are unlikely to notice a single Dyson sphere in a distant galaxy.<br>
</blockquote><br>I think we could probably detect a Dyson sphere with its distinctive infrared signature if it were within several thousand light years of us, and we could see a galaxy of Dyson spheres if there were one anywhere in the observable universe. But we see nothing.<br>
<br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex" class="gmail_quote">> it was possible for humans to launch the colonisation of the entire universe on scales of time and energy that are cosmically insignicant only requiring about two replication stages to reach every star we could ever reach, with a rapid launch phase. If human civilisation could achieve this, then it is highly likely that any star-spanning alien civilisation would be capable of doing so as well.<br>
</blockquote><br>And that is the key mystery right there, why doesn’t the universe look engineered? I can think of 4 explanations: <br><br>1) Nonexistence. <br><br>Maybe we’re the first, after all somebody has to be.<br><br>
2) Extinction.<br><br>Could every single civilization really engage in a war so brutal that it didn’t leave any survivors at all? During the cold war that possibility seemed somewhat more likely to me than it does now.<br>
<br>3) Unknown physical laws that prevent intelligence from performing large scale engineering.<br><br>I can’t say anything about stuff that’s unknown except that at least so far there is no hint of anything like that. <br>
<br>4) Stagnation. <br><br>ET may exist but he’s a couch potato. If you had complete control of your emotional control panel you might not want to do anything but sit and experience pleasure. I do see hints that this might be the case in the increased difficulty humanity has had in dealing with drugs.<br>
<br>I think numbers1 and 4 are the most likely explanation for the Fermi paradox.<br><br> John K Clark<br><br><br><br><br><br>> it could be that there exist some fundamental limitation<br>to what can be automated, whether macroscopic objects can be accelerated<br>
to high speed, reliably sent over long distances, or function over very long<br>periods of time, making interstellar or intergalactic colonization impossible<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></div>