<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:comic sans ms,sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(11,83,148)">Whatever made us think that medicine was a science? They ought to be as ashamed as Wall St. bankers.<br>
<br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:comic sans ms,sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(11,83,148)">(I'd send this as a link but a prior link to People's Pharmacy failed, so I just copied it - bill).<br>
<br><p>For decades public health officials have been preaching a low-salt
diet. Ask the experts at the Centers for Disease Control &
Prevention (CDC) and they would probably say that you can't have too low
a golf score or salt intake. They preach that anyone over 50 should
keep sodium intake under 1,500 mg daily. The American Heart Association
(AHA) also recommends that "all Americans reduce the amount of sodium in
their diet to less than 1500 mg a day."</p>
<p>What if these prestigious organizations were not just wrong, but dangerously so?</p>
<p>A study published in the <a href="http://ajh.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/03/26/ajh.hpu028.1.full.pdf+html">American Journal of Hypertension on April 2, 2014</a>,
analyzed data from 25 previous research papers. This meta-analysis
concluded that a low-salt dietary strategy is associated with a higher
risk of death. You read right. In observational studies, the
preponderance of the data links the sodium recommendations of the CDC
and the AHA to increased mortality. Ouch! This kind of evidence
undermines the credibility of our most prestigious public health
organizations.</p>
<p>This isn't the first time we have heard that a low-sodium diet might
be hazardous to your health. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) issued a
report that was published in <a href="http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1761916"><i>JAMA Internal Medicine</i> (online, Oct. 28, 2013)</a>
that found there are no data demonstrating benefit from the CDC or AHA
low-sodium guidelines. Even worse, the report noted that when people
with diabetes, hypertension, kidney and cardiovascular disease achieve
the goals set out by the CDC and AHA, they may actually experience harm.
Studies have suggested that a low-sodium diet may stimulate a
hormonally-induced stress reaction that could lead to an increased risk
of type 2 diabetes, heart failure complilcations, worsening thyroid
disease and death.</p>
<p>Keep in mind that the health professionals who are nominated to the
Institute of Medicine are among the smartest and most respected
scientists in the world. But wait, it gets worse still. Another review
of the low-sodium recommendations published in <a href="http://www.amjmed.com/article/S0002-9343%2813%2900594-9/abstract"><i>The American Journal of Medicine</i></a> titled <a href="http://www.amjmed.com/article/S0002-9343%2813%2900594-9/abstract">"Dietary Sodium Restriction: Take It with a Grain of Salt"</a> came to the following conclusions:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>"There is no conclusive evidence that a low sodium diet
reduces cardiovascular events in normotensive and pre-hypertensive or
hypertensive individuals. On the contrary, there is sound evidence that a
low sodium diet leads to a worse cardiovascular prognosis in patients
with systolic congestive heart failure or type 2 diabetes
mellitus...Advising low sodium diets seems misguided and potentially
dangerous and illustrates the problem of guidelines based on flawed
studies using surrogate measures."</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p>Despite the growing evidence that its low-salt guidelines are just
plain wrong, neither the CDC nor the AHA seems likely to reverse gears
any time soon. Perhaps they fear that their credibility will be damaged
if they change direction after all this time. How very sad! Revising
views on the basis of evidence seems only rational.</p>
<p>Now, no one is saying that pigging out on salt is a good thing. Too
much can be at least as dangerous as too little. The new research makes
it clear that the sodium situation is a little like the story of
Goldilocks and the porridge. It shouldn't be too hot <i>or</i> too cold. There is a sweet spot in the middle. The conclusion:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>"Both low sodium and high sodium intakes are associated with
increased mortality, consistent with a U-shaped association between
sodium intake and health outcomes."</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>BOTTOM LINE:</strong></p>
<p>The new study suggests that the sweet spot for sodium is between
2,645 and 4,945 mg per day. That is substantially above the
recommendations by the American Heart association and the CDC and
probably is more in line with what your grandmother was consuming. We
continue to believe that grandmothers the world over probably had more
common sense about such matters than some of our prestigious public
health organizations. We leave it to you and your health care
professional to determine what would be optimal for you.</p>
<p>In the meantime, here is a link to another <a href="http://www.peoplespharmacy.com/2013/11/04/is-a-low-salt-diet-dangerous-for-your-health/">People's Pharmacy Alert titled: "Is a Low Salt Diet Dangerous for Your Health"</a> should you wish to read more.</p>
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