<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_extra"><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Sep 29, 2015 at 7:30 PM, Keith Henson <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:hkeithhenson@gmail.com" target="_blank">hkeithhenson@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Sorry to interrupt the high culture fest.<br>
<br>
I was explaining the electric propulsion from LEO up to GEO to someone<br>
recently and he asked what happens to the 20-25 km/s exhaust. I<br>
mentioned that it was well above escape velocity and he pointed out<br>
that it's being expended in the Earth's magnetic field. That field<br>
traps particles with a lot more energy than this exhaust. I realized<br>
that I had no idea what would happen to the exhaust. I have asked<br>
several people, including a PhD from Ad Astra Rockets. So far<br>
nobody has an answer.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>That's a good question. I wonder how significant it would be considering the local environment up there. The plasma density is high at 300 km then tappers off.<br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
At peak production about 2 million tons of ionized hydrogen gets<br>
expended between LEO and GEO every year.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>How quickly will that be neutralized before it has a chance to do any serious interaction? And 2 million tons over the whole area seems rather small. Plasma density at 300 km is roughly 10^13 gm / m^3. Your daily output over the whole space is roughly 10^6 gm, so divide by much much than a cubic meter. I think it'll be trivial.<br><br></div><div>But it might matter more at certain regions where the exhaust might be comparable to the amount of plasma or even neutral gas there. My guess, though, is most of this will quickly dissipate. Even so, I'm no expert.<br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
It's a geophysics problem. Can you think of anyone I should ask?<br>
<br>
Also I might note that it is hard to sell people on climate change, it<br>
is at least that hard to sell a solution that gets humanity off fossil<br>
fuels without crushing the economy.</blockquote></div><br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><font color="#000000">If there are any problems too they might be mitigated by changing paths and schedules. Maybe daytime is best to have solar radiation quickly sweep up anything. Maybe not.<br><br></font></div><div class="gmail_extra"><font color="#000000">By the way, I'm relying on Tribble's _The Space Environment: Implications for Spacecraft Design_ for my numbers. I wonder if there's an empirical data given that ion propulsion and such have been used before and are used now for station keeping. They might give some clues, no?<br><br></font></div><div class="gmail_extra"><font color="#000000">Regards,<br></font></div><div class="gmail_extra"><font color="#000000"><br></font></div><div class="gmail_extra"><font color="#000000">Dan<br></font></div></div>