<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_extra"><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, May 20, 2016 at 10:05 AM, William Flynn Wallace <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:foozler83@gmail.com" target="_blank">foozler83@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif" color="#000000"><a href="https://aeon.co/essays/your-brain-does-not-process-information-and-it-is-not-a-computer?utm_source=Aeon+Newsletter&utm_campaign=0223b88963-Weekly_Newsletter_20_May_20165_20_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_411a82e59d-0223b88963-68993993" target="_blank">https://aeon.co/essays/your-brain-does-not-process-information-and-it-is-not-a-computer?utm_source=Aeon+Newsletter&utm_campaign=0223b88963-Weekly_Newsletter_20_May_20165_20_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_411a82e59d-0223b88963-68993993</a></font><br></div><div><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif" color="#000000"><br></font></div><div><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif" color="#000000">Not surprisingly, I did not understand this at all, but clearly this relates to some of the postings in this group, so have at it and I'll try to follow.</font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>It presents a sadly all too common logical fallacy: just because the brain does not store information exactly like computers, it asserts that no computing metaphors can possibly apply. More generally, it asserts "not 100% therefore 0%" in multiple places.<br><br></div><div>For example, the bit about the dollar bill, where someone asked to draw a dollar bill could only put in the general details. The article argues, just because the representation stored in the memory is not picture-perfect - instead compressed and distilled down to just certain details - there is no such thing as a representation of a dollar bill in the brain, the way a computer might have a data object representing a dollar bill. Problem is, computers are entirely capable of having less-than-perfect representations, optimized to their needs; not all programs need complete digital images of a dollar bill in order to know that bill's serial number and condition.<br><br></div><div>Another example of the article's flawed logic:<br><br>"<span class="">B</span>ecause neither ‘memory banks’ nor
‘representations’ of stimuli exist in the brain, and because all that is
required for us to function in the world is for the brain to change in
an orderly way as a result of our experiences, <em>there is no reason to believe that any two of us are changed the same way by the same experience</em>."<br><br></div><div>The first clause has nothing to do with the last clause. The middle clause is technically false: a working body is needed as well as a brain. It is true that neither of these would support that two of us could be changed in the same way by the same experience...but, contrary to the assertion in italics, they do not rule out any possible other explanation. (It is not the case that any random two people are always changed in exactly the same way by the same experience, true - but neither is it the case that any random two people are never changed in exactly the same way by the same experience.)<br><br></div><div>An even bigger mistake:<br><br>"Worse still, even if we had the ability to take a snapshot of all of the
brain’s 86 billion neurons and then to simulate the state of those
neurons in a computer, <em>that vast pattern would mean nothing outside the body of the brain that produced it</em>."<br><br></div><div>If that were true, then transplanted organs could not work, because they would have nothing in common and be utterly unable to understand the neural and hormonal signals from the brain in the new body. And yet, they do. So even if one body is not exactly the same as another, there are commonalities - a great deal, even - which can be used in a new context (such as if that snapshot were put into an imperfect simulation of the original body). The remaining differences can be learned and handled. It is perhaps philosophically true that an uploaded person would not be "the same", but only in the sense that normal people are not "the same" day to day.<br><br></div><div>(For instance, as I write this, I have caught something that has made it painful to swallow or breathe, and that builds up enough mucus that I have not been able to sleep more than 2 hours in a row before waking up coughing the past couple nights. I'll be seeing a doctor later today about it. But in the mean time, my capabilities and preferred range of action are significantly diminished from what they were a month ago, when I did not have this problem. Am I the exact same person? Clearly my state is not 100% identical. And yet, everyone who knows me and has seen me in person has accepted me as the same person, just ill.)<br></div></div></div></div>