<div dir="ltr">Costs for a basic income guarantee (BIG) for all adult citizens in the US is around 2 trillion. In my book on the subject, I discuss two ways to finance this: a VAT and reworking the tax code. The former proposal is discussed in an article of mine in the Journal of Evolution and Technology. Here's the abstract: <div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"times new roman",serif;font-size:14.6667px;text-align:justify">"The paper rehearses arguments for and against the prediction of massive technological unemployment. The main argument in favor is that robots are entering a large number of industries, making more expensive human labor redundant. The main argument against the prediction is that for two hundred years we have seen a massive increase in productivity with no long term structural unemployment caused by automation. The paper attempts to move past this argumentative impasse by asking what humans contribute to the supply side of the economy. Historically, humans have contributed muscle and brains to production but we are now being outcompeted by machinery, in both areas, in many jobs. It is argued that this supports the conjecture that massive unemployment is a likely result. It is also argued that a basic income guarantee is a minimal remedial measure to mitigate the worst effects of technological unemployment." The paper also argues that BIG is a good bet either way. If there is not massive technological unemployment, then BIG will be easy to pay for. It represents about 13% of the economy, and this proportion would greatly shrink in the future if we have full employment. If we do not have full employment, then it is a small price for the rich to pay to keep their heads attached to their necks. </span><br></div><div><span style="text-align:justify"><font color="#000000" face="times new roman, serif"><span style="font-size:14.6667px"><a href="http://jetpress.org/v24/walker.htm">http://jetpress.org/v24/walker.htm</a></span></font><br></span></div><div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"times new roman",serif;font-size:14.6667px;text-align:justify"><br></span></div><div><br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all"><div><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature">Dr. Mark Walker<br>Richard L. Hedden Chair of Advanced Philosophical Studies<br>Department of Philosophy<br>New Mexico State University<br>P.O. Box 30001, MSC 3B<br>Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001<br>USA<br><a href="http://www.nmsu.edu/~philos/mark-walkers-home-page.html" target="_blank">http://www.nmsu.edu/~philos/mark-walkers-home-page.html</a></div></div>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 10:34 AM, BillK <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:pharos@gmail.com" target="_blank">pharos@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I can see that universal unemployment probably means that UBI will<br>
become necessary. But I can't see where the money to do this comes<br>
from.<br>
<br>
Pension schemes are already going bust because of low interest rates<br>
and governments are moving the pension age later and later to postpone<br>
the increased costs of an ageing population.<br>
<br>
If taxation is increased it will make the poor worse off and devalue<br>
the UBI payments. Social security will still be required in addition<br>
as many people have disabilities, medical costs and families to<br>
support that UBI wouldn't be sufficent for.<br>
<br>
And you will get millions of immigrants from the third world wanting<br>
to claim their UBI.<br>
<br>
It will be interesting to see how the trials work out.<br>
<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
BillK<br>
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