<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif">On Tue, May 23, 2017 at 6:25 AM, Stuart LaForge </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif"><<a href="mailto:avant@sollegro.com" target="_blank">avant@sollegro.com</a>></span><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif"> wrote:</span><br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"></blockquote><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><font size="4"><span class="gmail-">
><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline">> </div>So in a observable universe 27,600,000,000 light years in diameter the only other technological civilization just happens to be only 1480 light years away and Kepler just<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div></span><span class="gmail-">happened to find it even though it was looking at 1/400 of the sky and it<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>just happened to find it when ET had the technological chops to build 5%<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>of a Dyson Sphere but no more? Doesn't seem very likely. </span></font></blockquote><span class="gmail-">
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</span>On the contrary, a combination of the anthropic principle and the theory<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>of galactic habitable zones suggests that life would tend to live in<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>Goldilocks clusters</blockquote><div><br></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"><font size="4">Yes, too close to the galactic center and there is too much gamma radiation from Supernovas and the Supermassive Black Hole, and too far from the center and there are not enough elements other than Hydrogen and Helium to support life. But the Galactic goldilocks zone is HUGE, it forms a ring between 13,000 and 33,000 light years from the center, Earth is 26,000 light years from our Galaxy's center. And there are at least 200 billion Galaxies in the observable universe. A planet 1480 light years away is our next door neighbor </font></div><font size="4"><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"></div></font>galactically<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div></font><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"><font size="4">speaking and even more so cosmically speaking. So I ask again, if ET is real when we look into the night sky why isn't it obvious that the universe has been engineered? </font> </div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline">> </div>Life became apparent on earth about 4 billion years ago essentially as<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>soon as the earth cooled enough from the late heavy bombardment to allowit to. </blockquote><div><br></div><div><div class="gmail_default"><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"></font><font size="4">Correct again. On Earth life could not have occurred earlier, it happened almost as soon as liquid water could exist on the surface, but for all we know that could of been freakishly early, on other planets it may have taken much longer. For intelligence to form on a planet life may have to start freakishly early, if not their sun might not give Evolution enough time to produce intelligence before it dies of old age. After all, in the nearly 4 billion year history of life on this planet Evolution only managed to come up with a technological civilization once, and it only happened a few thousand years ago. </font></div></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline">> </div>Then 2.5 billion years ago, about 1.5 billion years after life<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>began, cyanobacteria invented photosynthesis. The oxygen made by<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>photosynthesis enabled multicellular life which appeared in the fossil<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>record about 600 million years ago after about a 1.9 billion year gap.<br>Perhaps a brighter star increases the rate of photosynthesis such that the<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>gaps between the appearence of photosynthesis and the advent of<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>intelligent life are shortened by 50%.</blockquote><div><br></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font size="4">Why? If it's a planet that can support liquid water and its sun is brighter than ours then it must be further from it's sun than we are from our sun. So from that planet the disk of the sun would look more intensely bright than what we see from our planet but it would also look smaller, so the total amount of solar energy reaching the surface would be the same on both planets.</font></div></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"></blockquote><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline">> </div>How old is Tabby's star?</blockquote><div><br></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"><font size="4">I don't know, but with 1.43 solar masses if it were as old as our sun it would be a dead white dwarf by now, or maybe a neutron star.</font></div><font size="4"> </font></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline">> </div>What about its companion star the alleged red<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> </div>dwarf? </blockquote><div><br></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"><font size="4">Companion</font></div><font size="4"> <div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline">stars</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"> may not die together but they are born together, they are of the same age.</div><br></font></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"><font size="4"><br></font></div></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;display:inline"><font size="4"> John K Clark</font></div></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div></div>