<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, May 11, 2020 at 3:45 AM Stathis Papaioannou <<a href="mailto:stathisp@gmail.com">stathisp@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div><div><br></div><div><br><div class="gmail_quote"></div></div></div><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, 11 May 2020 at 15:02, Rafal Smigrodzki via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org" target="_blank">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:</div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><br></div><div>### The theories assume that the quantum vacuum fluctuations sample the space of all possible arrangements of matter in an inverse-size dependent manner. All structures are created by fluctuations but the larger the structure the lower the density of such structures in the De Sitter space. Since De Sitter space is infinitely growing, Boltzmann brains at some point outnumber evolved brains, for some choices of measurement basis. I agree that this assumption is not enough to dismiss those theories.</div><div><br></div><div>As I mentioned before, Wolfram's approach dispenses with randomness and imposes structure on vacuum, thus allowing (but not necessarily forcing) universes without Boltzmann brains. This is of course not a sufficient reason to choose his approach over conventional ones. However, if his research program generates theories that have an equal explanatory power to conventional theories, then the potential absence of Boltzmann brains might be a factor in his favor, for Occam's razor reasons.</div></div></div></blockquote><div dir="auto"><br></div></div><div><div dir="auto">Randomness is not required, in general, to explore the possibility space. We see this with deterministic Many Worlds compared with probabilistic Copenhagen Interpretation.</div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div></div></div></div>
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</div><br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>### Indeed, randomness vs. determinism is not the whole story. It's the structure that Wolfram imposes on vacuum that matters as well - each of his hypergraph/rule combinations generates only patterns specific to that combination, rather than all imaginable patterns. Many Worlds on the other hand generates all possible outcomes according to the Born rule. The hypergraph that describes our universe and subsumes QM, GR and string theory might (but maybe does not have to) restrict quantum fluctuations to generate only a subset of physical structures.</div><div><br></div><div>Rafal</div></div></div>