<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">On Sat, May 23, 2020 at 1:30 AM The Avantguardian via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:</span><br></div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><i>
<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>It is true that deleterious mutations are more common than beneficial ones.<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span></i></blockquote><div><br></div><div><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span><font size="4">Deleterious mutations are astronomically more common and many of them are lethal; while the super rare beneficial mutations are only slightly beneficial. And that's one reason Evolution is so agonizingly slow. <br></font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> > </span>It is the price that life pays for searching fitness-space for greener pastures on the other side of the valley of death.</i></blockquote><div><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"></font><font size="4">And that price was so large that there was huge evolutionary pressure to find a better way to make good behavioral decisions in a quickly changing environment and to make those decisions rapidly. And so Evolution invented brains, although it took it over 3 billion years to do so.</font></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>T<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span>hat being said, automotive engines display a different sort of complexity than living systems. The complexity of the car engine is imposed upon it a top-down fashion.</i></blockquote><div><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"></font><font size="4">That's true but the fundamental difference between a car engine and a horse's muscle is not in the top-down vs bottom-up distinction, it's between random mutation and natural selection vs intelligent design. And I'm not talking about God, He didn't invent the car engine.</font></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><i>
<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>In 1848, a railroad worker named Phineas Gage had a three foot iron bar blasted completely through his skull and brain by an explosive charge. Mr. Gage nonetheless continued to function quite well actually. My laptop or most technology today could not survive that.</i></blockquote><div><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"></font><font size="4">He didn't function quite well. Mr. Gage's personality changed dramatically after his accident, before it he was described as a friendly careful and rather straight laced man, after it he was described as unfriendly, fitful, irreverent, capricious and indulged in the "<i>grossest profanity</i>". He also suffered from epileptic seizures until one eventually killed him. When my computer starts behaving insanely I just turn it off and then turn it back on and 99% of the time that simple reboot fixes the problem, but unfortunatly there was no way to do that to Mr.Gage.</font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4"><br></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4">John K Clark</font></div></div></div>