<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:comic sans ms,sans-serif;font-size:large;color:#000000">disappointing tech</div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">---------- Forwarded message ---------<br>From: <strong class="gmail_sendername" dir="auto">Paul Krugman</strong> <span dir="auto"><<a href="mailto:nytdirect@nytimes.com">nytdirect@nytimes.com</a>></span><br>Date: Tue, May 25, 2021 at 11:31 AM<br>Subject: Remembrance of futures past<br>To:  <<a href="mailto:foozler83@gmail.com">foozler83@gmail.com</a>><br></div><br><br><u></u><div>
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<div style="display:none;font-size:1px;color:#fff;line-height:1px;max-height:0;max-width:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden">Why does technology so often disappoint?</div><div><table width="100%" align="left" border="0" style="margin:0" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><tbody><tr><td id="m_-7693481013255914721EMAIL_CONTAINER" align="left" width="100%"><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="width:100%"><td style="padding:15px 0 5px;border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;text-align:center;width:100%"><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;text-align:center;width:100%;padding-bottom:10px"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/5Mwltpph_5TCFwH5C2PpmQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP4QnAWh0dHBzOi8vbWVzc2FnaW5nLWN1c3RvbS1uZXdzbGV0dGVycy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS90ZW1wbGF0ZS9vYWt2Mj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnByb2R1Y3RDb2RlPVBLJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVyaT1ueXQlM0ElMkYlMkZuZXdzbGV0dGVyJTJGNzQzZGU5NWYtNmI0YS01YmI5LWFmMjktNTkwN2ZiZGNlNTE3JnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" alt="View in browser" style="color:#666;text-decoration:none;line-height:18px" target="_blank">View in browser</a><span style="color:#dcdcdc;margin:0 10px">|</span><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/dsylI2LEW61ZPBsGig1FDw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0SvaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" alt="The New York Times" style="color:#666;text-decoration:none;line-height:18px" target="_blank">nytimes.com</a></div><a href="#m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-ad-marquee" style="display:block;width:1px;height:1px;max-height:1px;overflow:hidden;color:transparent">Continue reading the main story</a><span style="width:100%;text-align:center"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/nQ5YpZA54dwuwU6vtZIBWQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzAyMjE5JmxpPVBLJm09NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzgmcD1QS18yMDIxMDUyNVcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=702219&li=PK&m=5e71139b79ab1433d07710d8f88356c8&p=PK_20210525" border="0" width="600" style="width:100%;max-width:600px!important"></a></td></tr><tr><td height="10px"></td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr><tr style="width:100%" id="m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-ad-marquee"><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-kd0pk" style="border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding:25px 0 20px;width:100%;text-align:center" width="100%" align="center"><div class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1nu1ipb" style="margin-bottom:15px"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/_OjYavfU02HaXaNgc-BPPQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TCaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY29sdW1uL3BhdWwta3J1Z21hbj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" alt="Paul Krugman" target="_blank"><img src="https://static01.nytimes.com/email-images/New_Headers/NYT-Headers-OP-PaulKrugman%402x.png" alt="Paul Krugman" style="width:300px" width="300"></a></div><p style="width:100%;margin-bottom:0;font:12px/12px georgia,serif">May 25, 2021</p></td></tr><tr><td height="20" width="100%" style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0 9px 15px 0;vertical-align:middle;width:45px" width="45" valign="middle"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/9fSn0gEAURD7jE6AN3LgSg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvcGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" target="_blank"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/04/02/opinion/paul-krugman/paul-krugman-blogSmallThumb.png" alt="Author Headshot" style="width:45px;height:45px;border-radius:100%" width="45" height="45"></a></td><td style="padding:0 0 15px 0;vertical-align:middle" valign="middle"><p style="font:13px/18px arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.2px;color:#000;margin-bottom:0;font:600 13px/18px arial,sans-serif">By <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/9fSn0gEAURD7jE6AN3LgSg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvcGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1ckldco" style="color:inherit;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc" target="_blank">Paul Krugman</a></p><p style="font:13px/18px arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.2px;color:#000;margin-bottom:0">Opinion Columnist</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Last week I wrote about <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/hwwQS__MnIBBNGodlR9oFQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yMC9vcGluaW9uL2NyeXB0b2N1cnJlbmN5LWJpdGNvaW4uaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">cryptocurrency</a>, which is sort of becoming the monetary equivalent of the old joke about Brazil: “It’s the country of the future, and always will be.” The article drew a predictable wave of outrage from crypto fanatics — and there are no fanatics like crypto fanatics. What probably offended them most was my observation that this “revolutionary” technology is actually getting kind of old — Bitcoin was invented in 2009 — and has yet to find significant legitimate uses.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Cryptocurrency isn’t the only technology to disappoint. <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/mSSbdTIYUH7kcl-W9Vs12g~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP4QaAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMjEvMDUvMjQvdGVjaG5vbG9neS9zZWxmLWRyaXZpbmctY2Fycy13YWl0Lmh0bWw_YWN0aW9uPWNsaWNrJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZtb2R1bGU9V2VsbCZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcGd0eXBlPUhvbWVwYWdlJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VjdGlvbj1CdXNpbmVzcyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">Self-driving cars</a> were supposed to be ruling the road by now. And basically nothing in the 1968 movie “<a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/CM10XyZvXvsFIL6mTlTfGQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S8aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW1kYi5jb20vdGl0bGUvdHQwMDYyNjIyLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">2001: A Space Odyssey</a>” has happened yet; neither the space hotel nor the homicidal computer. (OK, we do have video calls.)</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Not everything has fallen short. Solar and wind power have made <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/7h-vo-DQyDCK5aWMdwEmgA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TJaHR0cHM6Ly9vdXJ3b3JsZGluZGF0YS5vcmcvY2hlYXAtcmVuZXdhYmxlcy1ncm93dGg_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">incredible progress</a>. And I assume I’m not the only person who, forced into trying new things during quarantine, discovered that you can produce some pretty amazing meals in an electronic pressure cooker.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Still, the data bear out the general sense that the real-world utility of new technology has fallen far short of the hype. Labor productivity — real output per person hour — has risen only about <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/JVnjEvImLdEgKEflpR18Rw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S7aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmxzLmdvdi9scGMvcHJvZHliYXIuaHRtP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">half as fast</a> since 2007 as it did in the generation after World War II. Why measure from 2007? Well, it was the eve of the financial crisis; but it also happens to be the year Apple introduced the original <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/HAMqdNFhJMOJs8oUa99aiw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmFua215Y2VsbC5jb20vYmxvZy9pcGhvbmUtZXZvbHV0aW9uLXRpbWVsaW5lLWNoYXJ0P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">iPhone</a>. So much technoglitz; so little G.D.P. Why?</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="padding:0"><a href="#m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-0" style="display:block;width:1px;height:1px;max-height:1px;overflow:hidden;color:transparent">Continue reading the main story</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td height="10px" width="100%" style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:15px 0;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc;border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;text-align:center;background-color:#fff"><h3 color="#666666" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1q4lnbl" style="font:10px/13px arial,sans-serif;color:#666;letter-spacing:.7px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:0;text-align:center">ADVERTISEMENT</h3><span style="width:100%;text-align:center"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin:0 auto"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/WV_3PmIuzWP1f6BDhT9zCw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzAyMjIzJmxpPVBLJm09NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzgmcD1QS18yMDIxMDUyNVcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=702223&li=PK&m=5e71139b79ab1433d07710d8f88356c8&p=PK_20210525" border="0" width="600" style="width:100%;max-width:600px!important"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr><tr><td height="20px" width="100%" style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-0" style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">A <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/VkJUqGDB_tPwL0Ge-6IKbQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TzaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJvb2tpbmdzLmVkdS90ZWNoc3RyZWFtL2hvdy10by1zb2x2ZS10aGUtcHV6emxlLW9mLW1pc3NpbmctcHJvZHVjdGl2aXR5LWdyb3d0aC8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">new paper</a> by Erik Brynjolfsson, Seth Benzell and Daniel Rock tries to answer that question; to their credit, given that Brynjolfsson in particular has built a career emphasizing the revolutionary changes technology is bringing, one of their options is that when all is said and done, new technologies, while eye-catching, aren’t all that. Their favored explanation, however, boils down to: just you wait. The idea is that it takes a while for businesses to figure out how to make the best use of radical new technologies, and that you shouldn’t expect big things until they do.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">I like this argument, and I would find it persuasive … if I hadn’t heard it all before.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">You see, this isn’t the first time information technology has disappointed. During the 70s and 80s computers proliferated with astonishing speed; you young whippersnappers have no idea how big a deal it was to have your own screen and keyboard sitting on your desk. Yet the economy remained mired in a long stretch of productivity stagnation. As the great M.I.T. economist Robert Solow <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/czBzkgKvzstj-Sj_pf36RA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0T-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJvb2tpbmdzLmVkdS9hcnRpY2xlcy90aGUtc29sb3ctcHJvZHVjdGl2aXR5LXBhcmFkb3gtd2hhdC1kby1jb21wdXRlcnMtZG8tdG8tcHJvZHVjdGl2aXR5Lz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">remarked</a>, “You can see the computer age everywhere but in the productivity statistics.”</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Enter the economic historian Paul David, with a fascinating <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/l5NHWjUiqmotlM5WA2J5cQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TcaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuanN0b3Iub3JnL3N0YWJsZS8yMDA2NjAwP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnNlcT0xJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOCNtZXRhZGF0YV9pbmZvX3RhYl9jb250ZW50c1cDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">1990 paper</a> titled “The Dynamo and the Computer.” David showed that it took decades before the advantages of electrification really showed up in economic growth, because it took time before, to take one example, manufacturers realized that replacing overhead shafts and pullies with electric motors meant that factories could be sprawling structures with wide aisles, not cramped multistory buildings with a steam engine in the basement.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="padding:0"><a href="#m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-1" style="display:block;width:1px;height:1px;max-height:1px;overflow:hidden;color:transparent">Continue reading the main story</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td height="10px" width="100%" style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:15px 0;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc;border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;text-align:center;background-color:#fff"><h3 color="#666666" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1q4lnbl" style="font:10px/13px arial,sans-serif;color:#666;letter-spacing:.7px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:0;text-align:center">ADVERTISEMENT</h3><span style="width:100%;text-align:center"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin:0 auto"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/4rMJ-x1lyLTFxhaATh6fmQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzAyMjI3JmxpPVBLJm09NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzgmcD1QS18yMDIxMDUyNVcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=702227&li=PK&m=5e71139b79ab1433d07710d8f88356c8&p=PK_20210525" border="0" width="600" style="width:100%;max-width:600px!important"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr><tr><td height="20px" width="100%" style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-1" style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">David’s point was that we could expect something similar with computers: eventually businesses would learn what to do with them, and productivity would surge. Sure enough, around 1995 U.S. productivity growth really did take off, beginning a rocket-like ascent.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Which lasted for around a decade, then stalled out.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Maybe this time is different. But so far the fact is that in an era when we talk constantly about technology and glamorize techies, the actual economic payoffs have been largely — not universally, but largely — disappointing. And because we’ve been through this kind of disappointment before, it’s hard to avoid feeling a bit cynical.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-bottom:15px"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom:15px;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><h2 style="color:#000;font:400 25px/32.5px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 10px">Quick Hits</h2></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">The <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/34RT6zjH54vJZqcDAFbnjg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TTaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY3J1bW15LmNvbS93cml0aW5nL2hvc3RlZC9UaGUlMjBZZWFyJTIwMjAwMC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">technologies</a> that seemed “highly likely” in the 60s; most didn’t make it.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Whatever happened to <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/f1zi0Fpz_uVo4frrn0zZ7Q~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP4QJAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJ1c2luZXNzaW5zaWRlci5jb20vc3VwZXJzb25pYy1jb21tZXJjaWFsLWpldHMtY29uY29yZGUtZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQtdGltZWxpbmUtc29uaWNib29tLWFpcmNyYWZ0LTIwMjAtNz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">supersonic travel</a>?</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Weren’t we supposed to have <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/ZeFeOp7DEA8vcxubWInaGQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TVaHR0cHM6Ly9mb3J0dW5lLmNvbS9sb25nZm9ybS92aXJ0dWFsLXJlYWxpdHktc3RydWdnbGUtaG9wZS12ci8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">virtual reality</a> by now?</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">Unless <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/smgyhofoxD6CxW9GLiZvMg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP4QPAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJ1c2luZXNzb2ZmYXNoaW9uLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9lbnRyZXByZW5ldXJzaGlwL3BlbG90b24tZm91bmRlci1oaXRzLWJpbGxpb25haXJlLXN0YXR1cy1vbi1ob21lLXdvcmtvdXQtYm9vbT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">Pelotons</a> count.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-bottom:15px"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom:15px;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="padding:0"><a href="#m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-2" style="display:block;width:1px;height:1px;max-height:1px;overflow:hidden;color:transparent">Continue reading the main story</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td height="0" width="100%" style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0 15px;border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;text-align:center;background-color:#fff"><h3 color="#666666" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1q4lnbl" style="font:10px/13px arial,sans-serif;color:#666;letter-spacing:.7px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:0;text-align:center">ADVERTISEMENT</h3><span style="width:100%;text-align:center"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin:0 auto"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/aXu71-y0-pDHE68rzoCiVQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzI3OTAzJmxpPVBLJm09NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzgmcD1QS18yMDIxMDUyNVcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=727903&li=PK&m=5e71139b79ab1433d07710d8f88356c8&p=PK_20210525" border="0" width="600" style="width:100%;max-width:600px!important"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr><tr><td height="20px" width="100%" style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-2" style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px"><span style="font-weight:700;font-size:inherit">Feedback</span><br>If you’re enjoying what you’re reading, please consider recommending it to friends. <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/HIXWoI_AivyQJx7E5q_Oww~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0ToaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbmV3c2xldHRlcnMvcGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDE5MDYxOCZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD10YmQmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">They can sign up here</a>. If you want to share your thoughts on an item in this week’s newsletter or on the newsletter in general, please email me at <a href="mailto:krugman-newsletter@nytimes.com?subject=Paul%20Krugman%20Newsletter%20Feedback" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">krugman-newsletter@nytimes.com</a>.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-bottom:15px"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom:15px;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><h2 style="color:#000;font:400 25px/32.5px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 10px">Facing the Music</h2></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;font-family:arial,sans-serif;color:#333;padding:0;background:#fff"><tbody><tr><td style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1" width="100%"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/05/25/opinion/krugman250521-1/krugman250521-1-articleLarge.png" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-zh06no" style="display:block;width:100%;height:auto;padding-top:10px"></td></tr><tr><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1ukdnh3" style="text-align:left;width:100%;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:15px;line-height:14px" width="100%" align="left"><span><span class="m_-7693481013255914721css-atnqj9" style="margin:0;font:normal 14px georgia,serif;color:#666">Thinking about the future</span><span class="m_-7693481013255914721css-hpkdsj" style="margin:0;font:normal 11px georgia,serif;padding-left:5px;color:#888;letter-spacing:.01em">YouTube</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:#333;font:normal 17px/25px georgia,serif;margin:0 0 15px">OK, what about my <a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/RiTVC1EtUJSSksH1yWTw2A~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TCaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cueW91dHViZS5jb20vd2F0Y2g_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4JnY9RGZtbjlNNmhYVklXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1sybz1k" style="color:#286ed0;border-bottom:1px solid #286ed0;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit" target="_blank">technology</a>?</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:15px 0 0;border-bottom:2px solid #000"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:7px 0 5px;text-align:left"><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-kxmjiu" style="letter-spacing:.4px;font:700 17px/25px arial,sans-serif;color:#000;margin-bottom:15px">IN THE TIMES</p></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0 25px"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-11oa0x7" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;width:495px" width="495" align="left" valign="top"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/XWoCtiHifZRYpC1FCoqBmQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TRaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yNC9kaW5pbmcvdGlrdG9rLWZvb2QuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" style="text-decoration:none;text-align:left;display:block" target="_blank"><h3 class="m_-7693481013255914721css-kgf6go" style="color:#000;margin:0;padding:0 0 7px;font:25px/30px georgia,serif">TikTok, the Fastest Way on Earth to Become a Food Star</h3><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-ukhyec" style="color:#333;font:16px/20px georgia,serif;text-align:left;margin:0">The app offers explosive growth for content creators. Gen Z cooks are taking advantage.</p><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-k2gv7o" style="letter-spacing:.4px;margin:10px 0 0 0;color:#000;font:600 13px/18px arial,sans-serif">By Taylor Lorenz</p></a></td><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1rv3zph" style="vertical-align:top;padding:0 0 0 15px" valign="top"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/XWoCtiHifZRYpC1FCoqBmQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TRaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yNC9kaW5pbmcvdGlrdG9rLWZvb2QuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" style="text-decoration:none;text-align:left;display:block" target="_blank"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/05/26/dining/24foodtok1/24foodtok1-moth.jpg" alt="Article Image" style="width:105px;padding-top:3px" width="105"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:20px 0 25px;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-11oa0x7" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;width:495px" width="495" align="left" valign="top"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/XfRZQVR68q5MzxwLRrxszA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yNC9ueXJlZ2lvbi9ueWMtc2Nob29scy1yZW9wZW5pbmctcmVtb3RlLWxlYXJuaW5nLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~" style="text-decoration:none;text-align:left;display:block" target="_blank"><h3 class="m_-7693481013255914721css-kgf6go" style="color:#000;margin:0;padding:0 0 7px;font:25px/30px georgia,serif">N.Y.C. Will Eliminate Remote Learning for Next School Year</h3><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-ukhyec" style="color:#333;font:16px/20px georgia,serif;text-align:left;margin:0">All students and staff members will be back in school buildings full time come September, Mayor Bill de Blasio said on Monday.</p><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-k2gv7o" style="letter-spacing:.4px;margin:10px 0 0 0;color:#000;font:600 13px/18px arial,sans-serif">By Eliza Shapiro</p></a></td><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1rv3zph" style="vertical-align:top;padding:0 0 0 15px" valign="top"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/XfRZQVR68q5MzxwLRrxszA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yNC9ueXJlZ2lvbi9ueWMtc2Nob29scy1yZW9wZW5pbmctcmVtb3RlLWxlYXJuaW5nLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~" style="text-decoration:none;text-align:left;display:block" target="_blank"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/05/24/us/24nyvirus-schools-1/24nyvirus-schools-1-moth.jpg" alt="Article Image" style="width:105px;padding-top:3px" width="105"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:20px 0 25px;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-11oa0x7" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;width:495px" width="495" align="left" valign="top"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/V-tlof_bJ9fFZYqMtOVPxA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNC8wOC9ueXJlZ2lvbi9uZXctamVyc2V5LXNjaG9vbC1vbmxpbmUuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" style="text-decoration:none;text-align:left;display:block" target="_blank"><h3 class="m_-7693481013255914721css-kgf6go" style="color:#000;margin:0;padding:0 0 7px;font:25px/30px georgia,serif">Why Students Are Logging In to Class From 7,000 Miles Away</h3><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-ukhyec" style="color:#333;font:16px/20px georgia,serif;text-align:left;margin:0">Students are joining remote classes from outside the country. In one New Jersey school district, computers were traced to 24 countries on a day last month.</p><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-k2gv7o" style="letter-spacing:.4px;margin:10px 0 0 0;color:#000;font:600 13px/18px arial,sans-serif">By Tracey Tully</p></a></td><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1rv3zph" style="vertical-align:top;padding:0 0 0 15px" valign="top"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/V-tlof_bJ9fFZYqMtOVPxA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNC8wOC9ueXJlZ2lvbi9uZXctamVyc2V5LXNjaG9vbC1vbmxpbmUuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" style="text-decoration:none;text-align:left;display:block" target="_blank"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/04/05/nyregion/00njvirus-international-promo/00njvirus-international-promo-moth.jpg" alt="Article Image" style="width:105px;padding-top:3px" width="105"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:20px 0 25px;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-11oa0x7" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;width:495px" width="495" align="left" valign="top"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/gEIBnp4wGy2VB-2YqESvIw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yMC9zY2llbmNlL2NhY3R1cy10cmFmZmlja2luZy1jaGlsZS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" style="text-decoration:none;text-align:left;display:block" target="_blank"><h3 class="m_-7693481013255914721css-kgf6go" style="color:#000;margin:0;padding:0 0 7px;font:25px/30px georgia,serif">Global Cactus Traffickers Are Cleaning Out the Deserts</h3><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-ukhyec" style="color:#333;font:16px/20px georgia,serif;text-align:left;margin:0">A recent raid in Italy involving rare Chilean species highlights the growing scale of a black market in the thorny plants.</p><p class="m_-7693481013255914721css-k2gv7o" style="letter-spacing:.4px;margin:10px 0 0 0;color:#000;font:600 13px/18px arial,sans-serif">By Rachel Nuwer</p></a></td><td class="m_-7693481013255914721css-1rv3zph" style="vertical-align:top;padding:0 0 0 15px" valign="top"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/gEIBnp4wGy2VB-2YqESvIw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yMC9zY2llbmNlL2NhY3R1cy10cmFmZmlja2luZy1jaGlsZS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" style="text-decoration:none;text-align:left;display:block" target="_blank"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/05/25/science/20SCI-CACTUSTHIEVES5/20SCI-CACTUSTHIEVES5-moth.jpg" alt="Article Image" style="width:105px;padding-top:3px" width="105"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0 auto;max-width:600px;width:100%"><t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y93d3cuZmFjZWJvb2suY29tL255dG9waW5pb24vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" target="_blank"><img width="25" height="25" alt="facebook" style="vertical-align:middle" src="http://static.nytimes.com/email-images/design-system/social-icons/facebook.png"></a></td><td style="padding-right:15px"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/lXZlGN-xKVIoBAFO_HAEDA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S1aHR0cHM6Ly90d2l0dGVyLmNvbS9ueXRvcGluaW9uP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" target="_blank"><img width="25" height="25" alt="twitter" style="vertical-align:middle" src="http://static.nytimes.com/email-images/design-system/social-icons/twitter.png"></a></td><td style="padding-right:15px"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/fayvSy_1QOhjJ5RAAOyFYA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S8aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5zdGFncmFtLmNvbS9ueXRvcGluaW9uLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" target="_blank"><img width="25" height="25" alt="instagram" style="vertical-align:middle" src="http://static.nytimes.com/email-images/design-system/social-icons/instagram.png"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td style="border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding:8px 0"><p style="display:inline-block;font:12px/20px arial,sans-serif;color:#666;text-align:left;margin-bottom:0"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/NWKKN3PEuU9QfcSBydG5xQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TDaHR0cHM6Ly9teWFjY291bnQubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbWVtL2VtYWlsLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~" color="#666666" style="display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#666;border-right:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding-right:10px;margin-right:10px" target="_blank">Change Your Email</a><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/6uACUUI-jIyTiVb2hGrZjg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TkaHR0cDovL3d3dy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS9jb250ZW50L2hlbHAvcmlnaHRzL3ByaXZhY3kvcG9saWN5L3ByaXZhY3ktcG9saWN5Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~" color="#666666" style="display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#666;border-right:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding-right:10px;margin-right:10px" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/RvaQJYlkFngsmOi99bZgdw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TLaHR0cHM6Ly9teWFjY291bnQubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbWVtYmVyY2VudGVyL2hlbHAuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" color="#666666" style="display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#666;border-right:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding-right:10px;margin-right:10px" target="_blank">Contact Us</a><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/VFtCwKu05fnxpo3SV2vkUQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TIaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHJpdmFjeS9jYWxpZm9ybmlhLW5vdGljZT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~" color="#666666" style="display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#666" target="_blank">California Notices</a></p></td></tr><tr><td style="border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding:5px 0 7px"><a style="display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#666;border-right:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding-right:10px;margin-right:10px;line-height:0" href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/LsaOOeQtN8UMfImyob9eWw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0RPaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGl2ZWludGVudC5jb20vcG93ZXJlZC1ieT90ZT0xJm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNVcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA" color="#666666" target="_blank"><img width="150" alt="LiveIntent Logo" style="vertical-align:middle" src="http://static.nytimes.com/email-images/design-system/ads/liveintentads.png"></a><a style="display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#666;line-height:0" href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/wvPrF3xXXF1e9Q_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