<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:comic sans ms,sans-serif;font-size:large;color:#000000"><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="auto" class="gmail_attr"><br>William Flynn Wallace wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)">I taught courses in Learning for over 30 years and I can testify that punishment, of the positive kind ( as opposed to the negative kind, where a response results in the withdrawal of something good, like taking a toy away) has so many unfortunate side effects, often worse than the behavior being punished, that I would never recommend it in child raising unless the behavior being punished is actually dangerous to the person or to others.</div></div></blockquote><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><font color="#ff00ff">Let met start off with these:</font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span style="background-color:transparent;font-family:Arial;font-size:11pt;white-space:pre-wrap">Side effects of positive punishment:</span></div><span id="m_-273137874071755958gmail-docs-internal-guid-8a8c40c9-7fff-0b0f-f102-55b10ee54c89"><br><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">1 - creates fear of the punisher and possibly hate - may generalize to other authority figures</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">2 - does not generalize well to similar behaviors</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">3 - creates avoidance of punishers</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">4 - creates hostility towards punisher and maybe society</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">5 - does nothing to encourage proper behavior</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">6 - creates learning of how to avoid punishment - i.e. get away with bad behavior</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"><span style="font-size:11pt">7 - encourages acting out of anger and frustration by punisher</span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large;font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0)"> -</span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0)">poor model</span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large;font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">8 - is associated with poorer cognitive and intellectual development</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">9 - may result in </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:rgb(32,33,36);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:rgb(32,33,36);font-weight:700;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">excessive anxiety, guilt, and self-punishment</span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:rgb(32,33,36);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">. -low self worth</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:rgb(32,33,36);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">10 - encourages excessive punishment when mild punishment does not work</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:rgb(32,33,36);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">11 - can create aggression and antisocial behavior</span></p></span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><font color="#ff00ff">You can nitpick these - some or most do not necessarily happen every time, and some only when the person being punished reacts rather strongly. But all of them are common.</font></span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><br><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_quote"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><font color="#000000"></font></div><div>Both prison and capital punishment are examples of negative punishment. In the first, one is taking away the subject's freedom and in the second, one is taking away the subject's life. I am not sure how either of these options is better than the positive punishment of flogging them in the public square.</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><font color="#ff00ff">You are correct - negative punishment can occur with positive. However, in the usual case, the toy taken away can be regained by showing positive behaviors, like chores, which are then reinforced. So you have punishment of the bad behavior and positive reinforcement of the good behavior, something that does not occur in most positive punishment situations. A prisoner can lessen his term with good behavior, but not by a lot.</font><font color="#000000"></font></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_quote"><div> Positive punishment of undesired behavior is an evolved trait that would not have evolved unless it was successful. For reference look at evolved behavior of all social primates and pack animals. When one wolf wants stop another wolf from stealing its food, it warns and ultimately bites the offending wolf. Chimpanzees use pain and violence to regulate one another's behavior. Even game theoretic computer simulations show that punishing defectors in tit-for-tat is a Nash equilibrium and an evolutionarily stable strategy</div></div></blockquote><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><font color="#ff00ff">As we know, humans have an excess of anger. When thwarted we get angry and strike out. That seems to be a natural reaction. I never said that positive punishment did not work. Clearly it can though if it continues for something it is clearly not working. (though people who hit and don't get what they want tend to hit harder. My point is that it can be costly in terms of the undesireable side effects.</font></div><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><br></div><div>Until constantly forgiving someone for the same offenses becomes a pattern, at which point forgiving becomes enabling.</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><font color="#ff00ff">Just as positive punishment can get worse every time, so can negative. What is taken away gets more and more desireable - at first, one hour of TV is lost; next three hours; next all night. In addition, I might require hard work to regain the desireables. If this is not working perhaps some consultation with professional is called for. I would even justify threats of physical punishment.</font><font color="#000000"></font></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br></div><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"> prison riots that more than occasionally kill</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Again, <b>all these punishment</b>s you rail against are negative punishments which are supposed to be the good kind, while spanking a child or tasering an adult is positive punishment and is considered bad.<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"> Not all by any means. And it's not the negative aspect that creates the problems.</span></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div> Are you sure this is not a case of psychologists thinking with their hearts instead of their brains? How did they conduct these studies? It seems that a good study would be hard to set up since you can't compare outcomes in identical children using controls.</div><div><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><font color="#ff00ff">Most studies, if not all, of positive punishment cannot be ethically done. But those side effects can be verified, often by scars and bruises and broken bones in abused wives and children. Do you doubt that?</font><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br></div></div></blockquote><div>This is a HUGE problem. These poor kids (race seems far less relevant than socioeconomic status<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"> - true</span>) respect and fear one another far more than they do their teachers or school administration because of their gang mentality of "snitches get stitches". Numerous TikTok challenges have them vandalizing school property, stealing from, and hitting their teachers. The prohibition against positive punishment for school children seems like it will be the death of public education, at least in the United States. Coddling of delinquents has gotten so bad that it seems like almost like a communist plot to destabilize western liberal democracies from within. The educational psychology theory that teachers learn in school seems completely ineffectual in the real world of schools in poor neighborhoods. All it seems to do is prime these kids for prison by teaching them that authority figures are a joke who have no teeth. They can get away with anything they want until they cross a cop or another thug that shoot them, beat them, or throw them in jail. <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Don't get me started on the education establishment!</span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><font color="#ff00ff">I am not in favor of coddling anyone. You can make punishments severe without hitting people. Hitting people to me is a sign that you can't, or don't want to try anything else. I am a liberal but not a bleeding heart one. I have no idea what to do with poor, misbehaving kids in schools. Wish I did. I just don't equate getting tough with lots of positive punishment. I would justify it only as a last resort.</font><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span></div></div></blockquote><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_quote"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><font color="#000000"></font></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(34,34,34)">It might make YOU feel better, but what about the good of society? What if that reckless driver you forgave ends up killing a whole family because you let him off the hook? </span></div></div></blockquote></div></blockquote><div><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large"><font color="#ff00ff">I forgive the reckless driver so as to cool my temper and not get reckless myself. Doesn't mean that I won't call him in to 911 - I have done so, esp. if their driving is erratic, possibly meaning drunk. One who just cuts me off gets hand signals and honking. Try Googling 'meta-analyses of positive punishement'. That's what I would do. bill w</font></span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br></div></div></blockquote><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br></div><div style="font-family:"comic sans ms",sans-serif;font-size:large;color:rgb(0,0,0)">This really requires a much longer post with added references to studies, but maybe it's a start. bill w</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Stuart LaForge</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br><div class="gmail_quote"></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div></div></blockquote></div>
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