<div><br></div><div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, 3 May 2022 at 04:01, Rafal Smigrodzki via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)" dir="auto"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sun, May 1, 2022 at 10:07 PM Brent Allsop via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org" target="_blank">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div dir="ltr"><br><div>Hi Jason,</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, this is the <a href="https://canonizer.com/topic/79-Neural-Substitn-Argument/1-Agreement" target="_blank">Neuro Substitution Argument for functionalism</a> Stathis, I and others have been rehashing, forever, trying to convince the other side.. Stathis, Chalmers, and other <a href="https://canonizer.com/topic/88-Theories-of-Consciousness/18-Qualia-Emerge-from-Function" target="_blank">functionalists</a> believe they must accept functionalism because of this argument. This is a specific example of the 'dancing qualia' contradiction (one of many) which results if you accept this argument.</div><div><br></div><div>I like to point out that this argument is dependent on two assumptions. 1., that all the neurons do is the same thing discrete logic gates do in abstract computers. 2. That the neuro substitution will succeed. If either of these two fail, the argument doesn't work.</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>### This is not true. The argument is valid regardless of the mechanism of computation in the device that is substituting for a part of the brain. Only requirement for the substitution argument is that the substituted device must not change the way the rest of the recipient brain works (i.e. the overall pattern of neural activity and behavior controlled by the brain).</div><div><br></div><div>By way of illustration, instead of using a digital device for substitution, we may consider a genetically engineered brain that has the identical functional organization as a normal human brain but substitutes e.g. D-glutamate for L-glutamate as the transmitter. This would require re-engineering the structure of the relevant glutamate receptors, adding a glutamate isomerase to make D-glutamate out of L-glutamate and perhaps other minor tweaks but it would not change the functional aspects of neurotransmission in the modified brain or its parts.</div><div><br></div><div>Obviously, if the chemical structure of glutamate somehow determined qualia, then such a modified brain would have different qualia. If however the modified D-glutamate brain is able to substitute for a part of the standard L-glutamate brain without changing the overall patterns of neural activation and without changing behavior then the substitution would prove that glutamate has nothing to do with qualia.</div></div></div></blockquote><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">The argument can be generalised by using a black box that interacts with the brain in the same way as the replaced tissue. It is an argument showing that qualia cannot be separated from behaviour.</div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)" dir="auto"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="auto"></div></div></div>
</blockquote></div></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature">Stathis Papaioannou</div>