<div dir="ltr"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">Very interesting.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">Stuart asks Colin:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">“So if these novel neuromorphic </span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><br>
<span style="background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">AI work as expected, would you believe one of
these new machines to </span><br>
<span style="background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">possess phenomenal consciousness or 1PP?”</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">I think it is a possibility that some of this
stuff could be running directly on the intrinsic phenomenal qualities of the physics, and am looking forward to hearing Colin’s thoughts
on this.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">Collin talks about the computation being done
with “Natural EM fields”, which are not included in the list of stuff used in
this article, but that could just be an oversight?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">“</span><span style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:107%;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">All of the aforementioned
large-scale neuromorphic computers are silicon-based and implemented using
conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology; however, there
is a tremendous amount of research in the neuromorphic community on developing
new types of materials for neuromorphic implementations, such as phase-change,
ferroelectric, non-filamentary, topological insulators or channel-doped
biomembranes</span><sup style="box-sizing:inherit"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00184-y#ref-CR28" title="Islam, R. et al. Device and materials requirements for neuromorphic computing. J. Phys. D 52, 113001 (2019)." style="text-decoration-line:initial;word-break:break-word;box-sizing:inherit;color:blue"><span style="color:rgb(0,102,153);vertical-align:baseline">28</span></a>,<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00184-y#ref-CR29" title="Nandakumar, S., Kulkarni, S. R., Babu, A. V. & Rajendran, B. Building brain-inspired computing systems: examining the role of nanoscale devices. IEEE Nanotechnol. Mag. 12, 19–35 (2018)." style="text-decoration-line:initial;word-break:break-word;box-sizing:inherit;color:blue"><span style="color:rgb(0,102,153);vertical-align:baseline">29</span></a>,<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00184-y#ref-CR30" title="Najem, J. S. et al. Memristive ion channel-doped biomembranes as synaptic mimics. ACS Nano 12, 4702–4711 (2018)." aria-label="Reference 30" style="text-decoration-line:initial;word-break:break-word;box-sizing:inherit;color:blue"><span style="color:rgb(0,102,153);vertical-align:baseline">30</span></a></span></sup><span style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:107%;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">. One popular approach in the literature is using memristors
as the fundamental device to have resistive memory to collocate processing and
memory</span><sup style="box-sizing:inherit"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00184-y#ref-CR31" title="Jo, S. H. et al. Nanoscale memristor device as synapse in neuromorphic systems. Nano Lett. 10, 1297–1301 (2010)." aria-label="Reference 31" style="text-decoration-line:initial;word-break:break-word;box-sizing:inherit;color:blue"><span style="color:rgb(0,102,153);vertical-align:baseline">31</span></a>,<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00184-y#ref-CR32" title="Li, Y., Wang, Z., Midya, R., Xia, Q. & Yang, J. J. Review of memristor devices in neuromorphic computing: materials sciences and device challenges. J. Phys. D 51, 503002 (2018)." aria-label="Reference 32" style="text-decoration-line:initial;word-break:break-word;box-sizing:inherit;color:blue"><span style="color:rgb(0,102,153);vertical-align:baseline">32</span></a></span></sup><span style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:107%;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">, but other types of devices have also been used to implement
neuromorphic computers, including optoelectronic devices</span><sup style="box-sizing:inherit"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00184-y#ref-CR10" title="Schuman, C. D. et al. A survey of neuromorphic computing and neural networks in hardware. Preprint at
https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.06963
(2017)." aria-label="Reference 10" style="text-decoration-line:initial;word-break:break-word;box-sizing:inherit;color:blue"><span style="color:rgb(0,102,153);vertical-align:baseline">10</span></a></span></sup><span style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:107%;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">. Each device and material used to implement neuromorphic
computers has unique operating characteristics, such as how fast they operate,
their energy consumption and the level of resemblance to biology. The diversity
of devices and materials used to implement neuromorphic hardware today offers
the opportunity to customize the properties required for a given application.</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">As they point out, all of this different
physical stuff has different intrinsic physical properties and behaviors. The behavior of Intrinsic phenomenal
qualities of physics like redness, could be abstractly described, as all the above different physics are
being abstractly described. But without subjective
dictionaries, you can’t know the qualities you are describing. In order to know the intrinsic qualities of
the physical stuff you are describing, you must directly apprehend it as it is
computationally bound, possibly done via any of these physical methods, into
your consciousness, so you, too can subjectively directly apprehend the physical qualities being abstractly described, together with the rest of your directly apprehended
phenomenal conscious knowledge.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">Note: </span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:11pt">Understanding that there are two ways to gain knowledge about the intrinsic properties of physics, as described in <a href="https://canonizer.com/videos/consciousness/?chapter=differentiate_reality_knowledge&t=302">this section of our video</a> is a prerequisite to knowing what I'm attempting to say, above.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><br></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><br></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><br></p></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Aug 12, 2022 at 8:54 PM Stuart LaForge via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
Implementing neural networks as hardware on chips could do for <br>
training AI what ASICS did for bitcoin mining. Neuromorphic chips have <br>
a lot of potential IMO. Why simulate what you can instead reverse <br>
engineer?<br>
<br>
<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00184-y" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00184-y</a><br>
<br>
----------------------------<br>
Abstract<br>
<br>
Neuromorphic computing technologies will be important for the future <br>
of computing, but much of the work in neuromorphic computing has <br>
focused on hardware development. Here, we review recent results in <br>
neuromorphic computing algorithms and applications. We highlight <br>
characteristics of neuromorphic computing technologies that make them <br>
attractive for the future of computing and we discuss opportunities <br>
for future development of algorithms and applications on these systems.<br>
----------------------------<br>
<br>
In his recent Frontiers in Neuroscience article about phenomenal <br>
consciousness being mediated by the complex EM fields of the brain, <br>
Colin Hales wrote:<br>
<br>
"The creation of chip materials able to express EM fields structurally <br>
identical to those produced by neurons can be used to construct <br>
artificial neurons that replicate neuron signal processing through <br>
allowing the actual, natural EM fields to naturally interact in the <br>
manner they do in the brain, thereby replicating the same kind of <br>
signaling and signal processing (computation). This kind of in silico <br>
empirical approach is simply missing from the science." (Hales & <br>
Ericson, 2022)<br>
<br>
So Colin, it appears that the neuromorphic chips and computer <br>
architecture described in the Nature Computational Science article is <br>
exactly what you were suggesting right? So if these novel neuromorphic <br>
AI work as expected, would you believe one of these new machines to <br>
posses phenomenal consciousness or 1PP?<br>
<br>
Stuart LaForge<br>
<br>
<br>
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</blockquote></div>