<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><br><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Feb 24, 2025 at 10:39 AM efc--- via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org" target="_blank">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
<br>
On Sun, 23 Feb 2025, Jason Resch via extropy-chat wrote:<br><br>
> Rational thought and action are what Aristotle believed separated man from<br>
> lower animals. I don't think humans are the only species capable of rational<br>
> thought, but we are perhaps most capable of it: in allowing ideas (rather than<br>
> instinct) drive behavior.<br>
<br>
Yes. I view it as a continuum. Animals are mostly instincts, in some higher animals <br>
animals we are seeing the lights of consciousness and deliberate rationality,<br>
and in the "highest" animal, us, we are perhaps more rational than instinct. But<br>
there are always variation. Some individuals are more controlled by their<br>
impulses and instincts, while others are more guided by rational thought. But<br>
I think it is not so controversial, that at some level, we all do obey<br>
instincts, and that some of those very basic ones, are very, very difficult to<br>
override.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Agree.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> <br>
> I think you are still letting your concept of belief bleed into the concept of<br>
> people acting on ideas they bet to be true. Scientists bet their ideas are<br>
> true, and ordinary people update their bets on the fact of new evidence.<br>
<br>
Maybe there's something better than bets? ;) Bets imply money, risk,<br>
reward/loss, and when it comes to a lot of ideas and hypotheses, some of them,<br>
lack one or more of those associations.<br>
<br>
I think maybe a better approach would be to discard religion, god, bet,<br>
altogether, and try to describe the idea or mechanism in as simple and direct<br>
and functional words as possible, and from there perhaps derive a word?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>I might try to suggest a new word, except I know it would never catch on when english already has such a world with that meaning:</div><div><br></div><div> "something <a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/believe" target="_blank">believed</a> ["to have confidence in the truth, the existence, or the reliability of something, although without absolute proof that one is right in doing so"]; an opinion or conviction:"</div><div><br></div><div>This is sense 1 of the word "<a href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/belief" target="_blank">belief</a>." It is only in sense 4 that it gets to "a religious tenet or tenets; religious creed or faith:"</div><div><br></div><div>Maybe a word that doesn't have that connotation for you would be a "credant" but then others might say that reminds them too much of creeds.</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Or what about this? It is their hypothesis that their roommate ate the cookies?<br>
No bets, no truth value (yet). I can even imagine another scenario. Imagine the<br>
person is a cookie factory owner. That leads his discovery of the empty cookie<br>
jar to the hypothesis, (or empirically confirmed fact) that the cookie har is<br>
empty. He does not care about who ate the cookies, and is content to confirm<br>
empirically that the jar is empty.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>But there can be multiple simultaneous hypotheses. What should the word be for the current leading hypothesis, that is judged more likely to be true than not?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> (You can see how awkward language becomes without a single word for an<br>
> idea/hypothesis that one bets is true/has credence for).<br>
<br>
Yes. Awkward yes, but it is a balance between clarity, awkwardness, imprecision<br>
and letting other concept colour our ideas or obscure the meaning.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Clear language is important in these discussions, but perhaps it is better that one defines terms up front (or when asked to clarify). For example, if I stated that I use the word belief in sense 1 only, not to be confused with sense 4, would that have been adequate?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br><br>
> The rational player, or scientist is not immune to this. But they are less<br>
> susceptible to it than the dogmatic thinker, the person driven entirely by<br>
> instinct, or the irrational person, who does not form ideas they bet to be<br>
> true according to the information at hand.<br>
<br>
I think all people on this list would agree that rational analysis and reasoning<br>
and science is the best way to handle and make decisions in this world.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I do, for one.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> If, however, we move from a medicine to god, (and here I'm thinking of the<br>
> classical, postulated bearded man in the sky) there is no way to ever prove it<br>
> based on how it is defined, so there I would forever remain an agnostic.<br>
> <br>
> There are ways to prove or disprove such Gods.<br>
<br>
I disagree. There are no ways to prove it, unless one is first in agreement on<br>
what "god" is defined as. </blockquote><div><br></div><div>Of course, I agree that clear definitions are the first step.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Once agreement about the definition of god is settled,<br>
it becomes trivial to prove or disprove god, or, again depending on the<br>
definition, reach the conclusion that it is impossible to say anything about the<br>
concept, </blockquote><div><br></div><div>I think with a theory of ontology at hand, one can reach definite conclusions on the existence or non-existence of almost anything that can be given a rigorous definition.</div><div><br></div><div>Some theories of ontology that provide a probability distribution for objects in existence, can even provide a means of calculating how common such an object is across reality.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">and then just refrain from having an opinion about it, since in some of<br>
those cases, it would make no difference what so ever to anyones life.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>It depends on the god. If it is a "Great Programmer" god, (i.e., the master of a simulation), then such a God can intervene in the course of that simulation (perform miracles), read the thoughts of beings inside it (hear and answer prayers), and provide continuation paths for conscious beings after they die in the simulation (save souls).</div><div><br></div><div>In an infinite reality, it is not a question of whether or not these gods exist, it is only a matter of how common or uncommon they are, that is, how common are simulations executed by such "Great Programmer" superintelligences relative to primitive universes.</div><div><br></div><div>As the simulation argument shows, it is not trivial to decide whether most conscious beings (such as we) inhabit primitive physical realities, or simulated worlds created by superintelligences.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> Alternatively, you might find evidence for the existence of superior beings<br>
> beyond this universe by finding evidence that the particular constants of this<br>
> universe are fine-tuned, which implies either that this universe was designed<br>
> OR that there is a vast number of universes with different laws.<br>
<br>
Absent that, they do not exist as far as I am concerned. In fact, you could say<br>
that I'm entirely uninterested in them, except as plot devices and subjects for<br>
fascinating discussions.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I am not sure what you mean by "absent that", for we do inhabit a universe whose constants are tuned to an extraordinary degree. The only answer science provides to answer this mystery is that we must inhabit a vast, if not infinite, variegated reality containing all kinds of universes.</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> I don't think you would call Hawking or Rees dogmatic thinkers. Nevertheless<br>
> they don't shy away from entertaining these hypotheses, despite flying so near<br>
> to what you might consider religious topics. So I say, let science go<br>
> anywhere, let it refine and bring closer to truth, all our ideas, including<br>
> ideas about God, souls, and places beyond this universe.<br>
<br>
In my experience, I think science does best analyzing and describing the<br>
physical world. Concepts, that by definition lie outside this world, without any<br>
interaction or way of proving it, can never be handled by science that depends<br>
on this world, and ourselves as material beings.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>You included rational thought as the tool of finding truth. Do you not see the utility of using rational thought to make judgements about the things we cannot directly observe? Consider that we do this to explain or talk about:</div><div><br></div><div>- Past and future points in time</div><div>- Segments of spacetime outside our lightcone</div><div>- Spaces beyond the cosmological horizon<br></div><div>- The interiors of blackholes</div><div>- Other branches of the wavefunction<br></div><div>- The conscious states of others</div><div><br></div><div>You agree, I think, that these are all part of what science can study. We can develop theories about them, test them, think rationally and logically about them, and so on.</div><div><br></div><div>Yet these are things we can't observe directly with our eyes or instruments. We can only indirectly find evidence for them. We have testable theories of gravity, QM, the big bang, of consciousness, of causality, etc. that are falsifiable, and that we can gather evidence for. When we accept these theories, then we can reason about their consequences and implications.</div><div><br></div><div>And if and when someone accepts the theory, then they must accept all the predictions of that theory. This is how science gives us evidence of the multiverse, of places beyond the cosmological horizon, of other big bangs, etc. even when we can't observe them directly.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
I'm all for science being free, but care must also be taken not to waste<br>
precious scientific resources and focus the limited means we have at our<br>
disposal to where they give us the most bang for the buck.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Far more people care about these kinds of fundamental questions, then say, the mating rituals of C. elegans. While getting answers to fundamental questions is by no means easy, they are what (those who seek meaningful truth) are ultimately after:</div><div><br></div></div><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_quote"><div>"I am very astonished that the scientific picture of</div></div><div class="gmail_quote">the real world around me is very deficient. It gives</div><div class="gmail_quote">us a lot of factual information, puts all of our</div><div class="gmail_quote"><div>experience in a magnificently consistent order, but</div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div>it is ghastly silent about all and sundry that is really</div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div>near to our heart that really matters to us. It cannot</div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div>tell us a word about red and blue, bitter and sweet,</div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div>physical pain and physical delight; it knows nothing</div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div>of beautiful and ugly, good or bad, God and</div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div>eternity."</div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div>— Erwin Schrödinger in “Nature and the Greeks” (1954)</div></div></blockquote><div class="gmail_quote"><div> </div><div>I believe, developed fully, science can provide answers to questions that have plagued us since the dawn of history.</div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
Well, I can act without assuming the truth. I might act based on a hunch, or<br>
while not being certain about the outcome. I do not believe that one has to act,<br>
always, based on an assumed truth. I can act in order to try and assign a truth<br>
value. Truth for me is not a statement _in_ the world, it is a process,<br>
something that comes into existence, when the world collides with consciousness<br>
and the map of the world that is contained inside that consciousness.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>But absent immediate need, the most rational mind would say "don't act yet, we are still gathering evidence, we can make a better-educated decision by delaying still longer."</div><div><br></div><div>So taking action always represents a departure from the behavior of a perfect scientist. It is the constraint of living in a physical world that demands such departures.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> This is a necessary compromise as beings who don't have infinite time, and<br>
> must make decisions at times when we have incomplete information.<br>
><br>
> Eternal doubt I think has proven to be a dead end, so I personally am content to<br>
> trust my senses that the real world is true, until someone proves it is not, or<br>
> shows me what else would be there instead of the real world. Uncertainty, is a<br>
> good thing and should be embraced.<br>
> <br>
> I can't square the beginning of the paragraph with the end.<br>
<br>
What I mean is that uncertainty or refraining from assigning a truth value is a<br>
valid stance. Eternally doubting, as in not thinking something might be, leads<br>
to infinite regress and would not allow for productive discussions.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Maybe I am misunderstanding you here, but I don't see any conflict between eternal doubt and refraining from assigning a truth value. Are they not the same thing?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> Shouldn't it be better to remain uncertain whether we are in a simulation or<br>
> not? What is the advantage of jumping to a conclusion?<br>
<br>
Because if we are uncertain about our material world, and we might favour a<br>
simulation, we should also be uncertain and might think that the simulation runs<br>
in another simulation, but note that if we are uncertain about our material<br>
world, and means we must also be uncertain about our senses and empirical proof,<br>
but that means that perhaps our minds are deceiving us as well, and eventually<br>
all foundation for a logical and reasonable discussion crumble away in doubt and<br>
uncertainty.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I don't see it leading to that breakdown. What does it matter if this is a simulation or not? You're still conscious, things still follow comprehensible rules, and so forth.</div><div><br></div><div>I was thinking, perhaps a better way of explaining your viewpoint of G. E. Moore's "here is a hand" is this:</div><div><br></div></div><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_quote"><div>"Although the whole of this life were said to be</div></div><div class="gmail_quote">nothing but a dream, and the visible world nothing but a</div><div class="gmail_quote">phantasm, I should call this dream or phantasm real enough,</div><div class="gmail_quote">if, using reason well, we were never deceived by it."</div><div class="gmail_quote">-- <a href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.218341/page/n17/mode/2up?q=%22nothing+but+a+dream%22" target="_blank">Leibniz</a></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div> </div></div></blockquote><div>What do you think? Does this represent your viewpoint? <a href="https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/8079220-a-difference-which-makes-no-difference-is-no-difference-at" target="_blank">That</a> "A difference that makes no difference is no difference at all" and thus it's impractical to debate a physical world from an indistinguishable simulated one?</div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
That is why I am talking about two levels of agnosticism here. The immanent<br>
level, our day to day world. It makes no sense what so ever to be agnostic about<br>
it, since we, being part of it, are forced to act in it. That is why I can say<br>
that my hand exists, and by that statement, or by the fact that my things remain<br>
in place when not moved, or that other people talk to me when I talk to them,<br>
can tell you that the material world, as discovered and identified and described<br>
by science, exists.<br>
<br>
The feedback loop exists between me and the external world, science works, all<br>
excellent point in favour of the material world.<br>
<br>
Now, when I talk about agnosticism, I am talking about transcendent questions,<br>
that per definition, exist beyond this world, such as simulations, gods (in<br>
various variants, but not all variants) the eternal soul, life after death.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>We can agree to disagree here, but I think it's a false delineation. I think many scientific theories, (including relativity, quantum mechanics, functionalism, eternal inflation, the concordance model, etc.) have implications of eternal life or afterlives.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Those are all matters the transcend the material world,</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Conscious beings (souls) are present in this world.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> and since we are by<br>
design, beings in this world, with senses, words, bodies, that can, by design,<br>
only use concepts, rules and laws, of this world, it makes no sense to raise<br>
those questions, apart from poetry, or as psychological comforting fantasies.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Consider a fish confined within a frozen pond. It can't escape the pond, nor see anything beyond this pond. However, it can reason, using clues of gravity (bubbles float, pebbles sink) and by noticing a very small curvature in the frozen surface of the pond, which is always tangential to the downward or upward direction of bubbles and pebbles, it could reason rationally to conclude its pond was just one small part of a much larger spherical world. The fish, if smart enough, could conduct a Cavendish style experiment, work out a theory of gravity, calculate the size of the sphere of the earth (based on curvature of the pond surface), and realize that the mass of the total world (as determined by the speed at which pebbles sink), also is roughly in line with the volume of the sphere of the earth times the density of the pebbles. It could then know Earth to be a kind of giant pebble, upon which its pond is only the smallest smear of water.</div><div><br></div><div>In your view, is it science for the fish to conclude it is part of a vast world which it cannot directly observe all of, or is this transcendent metaphysics for the fish?</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
Don't get me wrong, those reasons can be very good, for many people absolutely<br>
necessary, but we need to take those things for what they are.<br>
<br>
So, to return to the silliest example, but which I think most clearly<br>
illustrates my point, if you were to ask me about a bearded omnipotent and<br>
eternal man in the sky, I would say I'm pretty sure that this is b.s. and I will<br>
act in my daily life, as if this is b.s. and if you press me on the point, I<br>
will tell you, that ultimately I am agnostic, since an infinitely small<br>
probability might exist that there is indeed some eternal bearded man.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>If you, like me, believed in an infinite comprehensive reality, would you agree it makes sense to revise the notion of "exists" vs "doesn't exist"?</div><div><br></div><div>For in a reality containing all possibilities, even improbable things happen and exist, somewhere. It is only the impossible that doesn't exist.</div><div><br></div><div>Then instead, we should speak of things "existing with a high <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measure_(mathematics)" target="_blank">measure</a>" (in more places, more frequently, more commonly" vs. things "existing with a lower measure" (in fewer places, less frequently, less commonly).</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
So I do not believe that it is a meaningful question to ask, and that it is<br>
beyong truth values, since truth values depend on the feedback loop with the<br>
world.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I believe truth exists independently of us. A truth is not dependent on there being some person to observe and confirm some idea for themselves, the truth exists independently of its observation or discovery.</div><div>Perhaps this is the more fundamental philosophical disagreement between us.</div><div><br></div><div>Note: Rereading this I see now you were referring to "truth values" which I take to mean the degree of confidence an particular observer places on some hypothesis. These I agree are observer dependent. I leave my original reply to see if you do believe in objective (observer independent) truth or not.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Again, if we take a slightly more sophisticated example, the multiple world<br>
interpretation, I think to myself, does it affect me in any possible way? Nope.<br>
As far as I am concerned, I couldn't care less. I'm agnostic, there's no<br>
interplay between those universes and my own, so I just don't entertain the<br>
possibility.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>But quantum computers work. (We can drop or break out this topic to a separate thread, depending on your interest in pursuing this topic).</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
So, that's how I think when it comes to being agnostic about the transcendent,<br>
acting "as if" the transcendent is null and void in our material world, and how<br>
in our immanent world, we do well by revising our map and predictions based on<br>
evidence, but that we always have a choice of acting instinctually, with a<br>
rational plan, acting as if something is true, acting with an open mind to find<br>
out if it is true, or not acting at all, since we don't care about the result,<br>
so just acknowleding a state in the world and moving on.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I think we can agree that we disagree here. In my philosophy, we can use science and rationality to attack the transcendent questions that are most important to us: <a href="https://alwaysasking.com/questions/" target="_blank">https://alwaysasking.com/questions/</a></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
> Okay thank you for that clarification.<br>
<br>
You're welcome! =)<br>
<br><br>
> <br>
> There's a difference between a testable hypothesis that one is 90% sure is<br>
> false, and a testable hypothesis that one is 90% sure is true.<br>
<br>
Yes, but in degree, not in kind.<br>
<br><br>
It seems as if this is not an uncommon position. Just to illustrate:<br>
<br>
"When you have several hypotheses with varying degrees of probability of being<br>
right, this is often referred to as a set of competing hypotheses or alternative<br>
hypotheses. In statistics and probability theory, this can be more specifically<br>
described as a probability distribution over multiple hypotheses, where each<br>
hypothesis is assigned a probability of being true.<br>
<br>
In some fields, such as Bayesian inference, this is referred to as a model space<br>
or hypothesis space, where each hypothesis is a model that attempts to explain<br>
the observed data, and each model is assigned a probability of being the true<br>
model.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I think Bayesian inference and the techniques for revising estimates on the priors, is the most succinct mathematical description of the process of science .</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br></blockquote><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
No. But should I wake up, the question of an afterlife would then provably have<br>
been become a thing of this world, and then subject to probabilities and revised<br>
ideas about it.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>But even without the technology, we can conduct this thought experiment now.</div><div>And relying only on some weak assumptions about the brain's role in generating consciousness we can reason about this outcome being the probable outcome of such a technology. Can we not then update our probabilities now?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> > Do you bet there is no God?<br>
><br>
> I really don't care, since I regardless of if that were true or not, (ceteris<br>
> paribus) it would make no difference what so ever in my life.<br>
> <br>
> It could make a difference to your afterlife (which is an extension of your<br>
> life) and hence would be part of what you consider your life.<br>
<br>
I have seen nothing which seems to indicate what you say, so in terms of effects<br>
on me in the immanent world, I consider it null and void. </blockquote><div><br></div><div>Here, I see a possible inconsistency. You believe that other people are conscious (rather than p-zombies), despite that you can never enter their minds to see what they see and confirm that yes indeed they are conscious.</div><div><br></div><div>Given this dearth of observational evidence, why do you not consider the hypothesis that other people are conscious "null and avoid"?</div><div><br></div><div>If you say it is because "I believe in functionalism" or "I use logic to reason that zombies are impossible" then you are using theories to draw conclusions about objects you will never, and can never observe (the subjective viewpoints of others).</div><div><br></div><div>Is this not equivalent to how I use theories, and logic, to reason about other branches of the wave function that I will never (from my vantage point here) directly observe?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">In terms of a possible<br>
being in the form of some kind of god, there's always an infinite possibility,<br>
hence my agnosticism. In terms of my acting here, I wait for proof of god,<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>It's easier to find evidence of an infinite comprehensive reality. For example:</div><div><ul><li><font face="arial, sans-serif" color="#000000"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Schmidhuber" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;text-align:center" target="_blank">Juergen Schmidhuber's </a> <a href="https://people.idsia.ch/~juergen/everythingtalk/" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;text-align:center" target="_blank"><em style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;font-weight:inherit;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline">Algorithmic Theory of Everything</em></a>.<br></font></li><li><font face="arial, sans-serif" color="#000000"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Oncken_Lovejoy" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline" target="_blank">Arthur Lovejoy's </a> <em style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_plenitude" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;background-color:transparent" target="_blank">Principle of Plenitude</a></em></font></li><li><font face="arial, sans-serif" color="#000000"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Nozick" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline" target="_blank">Robert Nozick's</a> <em style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><a href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780674664791/page/90/mode/2up?q=%22principle+of+fecundity%22" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;background-color:transparent" target="_blank">Principle of Fecundity</a></em></font></li><li><font face="arial, sans-serif" color="#000000"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline" target="_blank">Kurt Gödel's</a> <a href="https://partiallyexaminedlife.com/wp-content/uploads/Godel-Basic-Theorems-and-Their-Implications-1.pdf" target="_blank"><i>Mathematical Realism</i></a><br></font></li><li><font face="arial, sans-serif" color="#000000"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lewis_(philosopher)" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline" target="_blank">David Lewis</a> <em style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lewis_(philosopher)" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;background-color:transparent" target="_blank">Modal Realism</a></em></font></li><li><font face="arial, sans-serif" color="#000000"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarchalBruno" target="_blank">Bruno Marchal's</a> <a href="https://www.hpcoders.com.au/docs/amoebassecret.pdf" target="_blank"><i>Arithmetical Realism</i></a></font></li><li><font face="arial, sans-serif" color="#000000"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Tegmark" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline" target="_blank">Max Tegmark’s</a> <em style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_universe_hypothesis" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;background-color:transparent" target="_blank">Mathematical Universe Hypothesis</a></em></font></li><li><font color="#000000" face="arial, sans-serif"><font color="#000000"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Parfit" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline" target="_blank">Derek Parfit's</a> <em style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><a href="http://www.sfu.ca/~rpyke/cafe/parfit.pdf" style="box-sizing:inherit;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;margin:0px;outline:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;background-color:transparent" target="_blank">All Worlds Hypothesis</a></em>.</font></font></li></ul></div><div>Mathematicians, philosophers, logicians, computer scientists, and physicists all have found evidence for the existence of a comprehensive reality. Some use mathematical logic to establish that there's no alternative. Others find evidence in the form deriving predictions that are empirically testable and confirmed.</div><div><br></div><div>If you start with an ontological theory that presumes all logically possible things exist, then finding a proof of something's existence is reduced to finding a self-consistent definition of that thing.</div><div><br></div><div>“Mathematical existence is merely freedom from contradiction.”<br></div><div>-- David Hilbert</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
lacking that, the fact that the material world happens to me, is enough for me<br>
to act in it. In terms of morals, value etc. philosophy and rational thought is<br>
what I prefer, informed by science.<br>
<br>
> > Do you bet there are no universes but this one?<br>
><br>
> If no information can flow, and no proof ever be found, it is nothing to me.<br>
> <br>
> Causal interaction is one way to find evidence, but it is not the only way.<br>
> Consider these theories, none of which are based on information flows,<br>
> nonetheless we have strong evidence for them, are accepted by most scientists<br>
> in that field, and they imply other universes:<br>
<br>
They are theories, and we're talking implication. We are not talking hard,<br>
empirical proof, so I feel very well justified to disregard them.</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Often theoretical evidence is taken as much stronger evidence than empirical evidence.</div><div><br></div><div>Consider how well tested and accepted the theory of gravity is. If two scientists in a lab report they dropped a penny and it went straight up to the ceiling and hovered there for a few seconds then fell back to the ground, would we take their hard empirical observation that gravity was violated over the much better established theory of gravity? Or would we chalk it up to gas fumes, or something else causing some kind of hallucination? Clearly we find it more likely that some other explanation is responsible for their observation, than the idea that gravity stopped applying to this penny for some period of time.</div><div><br></div><div>If we can be so confident in our theories to dismiss observations like that, then should we not take our theories just as seriously when they say things we can't see (and therefore have no empirical reasons to doubt)?</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> After all,<br>
could be that what the equations imply, simply does not lend itself to being<br>
translated into our language with our experiences of being physical beings in<br>
time and space.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I don't see why our theories should be so capricious as to break down as soon as we stop looking.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
So "shut up and calculate" is for me a very attractive position when it comes to<br>
theories about other potential worlds, which we can never affect, and which can<br>
never affect us.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>The other branches of the wave function do affect ours, in particular situations. Aside from the example of quantum computers, even just the interference band effect, as seen in the double slit experiment, is a result of influence from these other branches. If we had no reason to believe in these other branches, we wouldn't talk about them. But it is precisely this evidence that forces us to.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Same with god. No proof, so why should I even consider the question? It leads us<br>
astray and distracts us from more important concerns.</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Do you see the importance in questions such as these?</div><div><ul><li>“where did we come from?”</li><li>“how did we get here?”</li><li>“where are we going?"</li><li>“why do we experience all this?”</li></ul></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> If any practical effects<br>
show up, let's talk about it, if not, let's stick to reality. =)<br>
<br>
> - Cosmic inflation (explains several key mysteries of the big bang), implies<br>
> big bangs occur eternally throughout an ever inflating cosmos.<br>
<br>
It seems as if it is not so clear cut in addition to the above:<br>
<br>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_inflation#Criticisms" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_inflation#Criticisms</a> .<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Every theory has its critics, but many of inflation's predictions have been strongly confirmed by observation. This image has been called "The Cosmological Mona Lisa" for the beautiful correspondence between prediction and observation: <a href="https://resonaances.blogspot.com/2013/03/the-universe-after-planck.html" target="_blank">https://resonaances.blogspot.com/2013/03/the-universe-after-planck.html</a></div><div><br></div><div>Before inflation, the scalar spectral index was assumed to be exactly 1 Inflation said it should be less than 1. The Planck data shows it to be 0.968±0.006.<br></div><div><br></div><div>An analysis of the cosmic microwave background confirms the temperature during the big bang never exceeded absolute hot, confirming another prediction of inflation.<br></div><div><br></div><div>The paper publishing the Plank data is among the most <a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C40&q=Planck+2015+results.+XIII.+Cosmological+parameters&btnG=" target="_blank">highly cited</a> papers in the history of science. The WMAP and Planck results confirmed all 3 predictions cosmic inflation made for the properties of density variations:<br><ul><li>All particle types were affected equally (they are adiabatic)</li><li>Variations exist at all sizes, including super-horizon scales</li><li>As predicted, variations are less than perfectly scale invariant</li></ul></div><div>The 5th prediction, that the spatial curvature is less than 0.01% is beyond our ability to verify. The best data from Planck allows us to conclude curvature is less than 0.5%. This prediction is neither violated nor confirmed at this time.<br></div><div><br></div><div>"Inflation has literally met every threshold that science demands, with clever new tests becoming possible with improved observations and instrumentation. Whenever the data has been capable of being collected, inflation's predictions have been verified."</div><div>-- <a href="https://medium.com/starts-with-a-bang/how-does-cosmic-inflation-fare-when-put-to-the-ultimate-test-d7883969954d" target="_blank">Ethan Siegel</a></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> As such, they could, in principle, copy you into their universe, they could<br>
> interview you, put your consciousness in a robot body to move about in theirs,<br>
> etc. And so, you have some nonzero probability of finding yourself there, in<br>
> those other universes you thought could not reach you.<br>
<br>
Offer me proof, and we'll talk. Once you open pandoras box, you admit all kinds<br>
of potential beings, gods, simulation runners, hoaxes into your conceptual<br>
world. I prefer desert landscapes, and go on what proof is presented to me.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Your standard of evidence is unreachable.</div><div><br></div><div>My standard, which I believe is the standard of most scientists, is that not all predictions of a well-tested, well-confirmed, theory are testable. However, we still ought to accept the untested and untestable predictions of a theory, assuming we accept that theory as valid.</div><div><br></div><div>Your standard is that a well-tested, well-confirmed theory is not sufficient, and that we must also verify the prediction of the theory again by direct observation, otherwise you won't believe that theory is valid for that situation.</div><div><br></div><div>But then I ask: what is the point of having a theory? If you can't rely on it to make accurate predictions for things you haven't yet tested, then you aren't using the theory to make predictions, you're only using each observation to tell you what happened in each specific case.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
But I like your example! I see parallels of god always watching making sure you<br>
are not being naughty. ;)<br>
<br>
Jokes aside, to me, these thought experiments, absent proof, are just idle<br>
speculation and while fun, ultimately doesn't add much to my life.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>It could.</div><div><br></div><div>"Confession: if I love [this theory], it is because it entails the existence of many things not “physically present”, notably those incredible deep universal dreamers which keep [losing] themselves in an incredible labyrinth of partially sharable dreams, meeting ladders and ladders of surprises, self-multiplying and self-fusing, and which are partially terrestrial and partially divine creatures."</div><div>-- Bruno Marchal (speaking of his theory of computationalism+arithmetical realism)</div><div><br></div><div>There's so much more to reality than what we can see. This universe is like that fish pond.</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> I think robots could become conscious, depending on the definition of<br>
> conscisousness of course. Philosophical issues aside, I believe, in time, that<br>
> we'll be able to create something indistinguishavle from consciousness.<br>
> <br>
> What observational evidence is this conclusion based on?<br>
<br>
An eucated guess based on interactions with LLM:s and the progress of<br>
technology. Also my materialist stance helps, since I do not believe there is<br>
any magic to consciousness that is not being able to be replicated by<br>
technology. This is a question residing soundly in our world, and can thus be<br>
"attacked" by science.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>But objective science can't grant access to subjective points of view. Here you are using a theory's predictions to inform you about things you can't observe. (The same standard that I use for theories that can describe things I can't see.)</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> > Do you bet you are not in a simulated world?<br>
><br>
> Absent proof, do not care, and refrain from betting.<br>
> <br>
> I am glad to see this stance. In the past, it had seemed to me you made a firm<br>
> commitment that we were not in a simulation.<br>
<br>
Not quite. I think I might have been unclear. I'm sorry about that. This is an<br>
example of transcendent questions vs immanent questions. The world, and acting<br>
in the world is of an immanent nature. What we see is what we get. I have no<br>
choice but to act in it, "it" happens to me. Hence I am 100% convinced that what<br>
I see exists and that we exist in a material world.<br>
<br>
However!<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>I believe we, as conscious beings, we never inhabit any single material world. Rather, our brain states are infinitely distributed across the infinite reality, such that in any single moment, your brain-state and conscious-state exists across infinite similar (subjectively indistinguishable) universes.</div><div><br></div><div>This explains why we experience what we call quantum mechanics. It is a meta-effect following from the fact that no mind state exists in a single universe. I have a diagram that shows this here: <a href="https://alwaysasking.com/why-does-anything-exist/#Irreducible_Randomness" target="_blank">https://alwaysasking.com/why-does-anything-exist/#Irreducible_Randomness</a></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
A simulation is a transcendente question beyond our world. It can never be ruled<br>
out 100%, just like god cannot, pink unicorns and any other fantasy beings, how<br>
absurd they might be. Since I live in the physical world, I simply refuse to<br>
engage with those questions. </blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">I don't have to assign them even a truth value,<br>
they are meaningless questions _unless_ someone proves them and thereby "pulls<br>
them into" the world. It could then be argued, especially in the case of god,<br>
that by definition it is not god, but that is a separate issue.<br>
<br>
The key difference here is that for questions of this world, I can always revise<br>
probabilities, but for questions beyond the world, I consider them and<br>
probabilities assigned to them as meaningless.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I see this as a self-imposed constraint, which is limiting if one's goal is pursuit of the truth. But it may be useful if one has a different goal, such as a focus on what is pragmatic or practical in the material world.<br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> <br>
> So to answer Keith's question of why people have beliefs (ideas that may be<br>
> right or wrong, but which we bet to be true (i.e. hypotheses we have credence<br>
> in)) my answer is that is necessary for rational action, indeed it is how I<br>
> would define rational action.<br>
<br>
I agree. Developing hypotheses and ideas, testing them, to guide action is<br>
rational. But there are cases where instinct overrides, such as when in danger,<br>
of when simply not caring about the outcome.<br>
<br>
But from a scientific point of view, yes, that's how they work, I imagine.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> Note that here you are using a metaphysical assumption (that simpler universes<br>
> are more probable than more complex universes): Occam's razor.<br>
<br>
No, not quite. I think that given the evidence of my senses and my hand, and the<br>
fact that no one has proven another universe, there is no point for me to<br>
abandon the view of a material world. Since I have no choice but to act in it, I<br>
actually don't need to prove anything. I can just act in it. In fact, I have no<br>
other choice.<br>
<br>
So if someone wants to convince me of other worlds, the burden of proof is on<br>
them.<br>
<br>
> I agree with this metaphysical assumption.<br>
<br>
I think occam can be of service in this world, with material problems. I think<br>
it leads us astray when it comes to transcendent questions.</blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Let us imagine a future when physicists discover a TOE, a simplest possible unified theory that marries GR and QM, and even gives us a few predictions of particles not yet theorized, but that we later discover.</div><div>Then let's say this simplest possible TOE also predicts that there are other universes, that there's no way of revising the theory to get rid of those other universes without completely screwing with the utter simplicity and elegance of this theory.</div><div><br></div><div>Do you think that Occam's razor (in providing a strong preference to the simple, elegant, beautiful TOE) is "leading us astray" here? Ought we prefer the ugly bastardized version of the TOE that has been worked over to eliminate those pesky other universes that the simpler theory predicts?</div><div> </div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> I do appreciate him<br>
though, even in case of transcendent question from an aesthetical point of view.<br>
<br><br>
> <br>
> Scientists and philosophers still debate these ideas, despite the near<br>
> universal acceptance of the metaphysical principal of Occam's razor.<br>
<br>
See my answer above. I don't see these ideas as problems or something that need<br>
to be debated, absent proof. Regardless of boltzmann is correct or not, at the<br>
end of the day we have no choice but to act "as if" the material universe is the<br>
truth.<br>
<br>
Boltzmann might be the truth, but show me the proof, and let's talk about it. =)<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Well astronomers/cosmologists do spend a significant amount of time describing how/why Boltzmann brains aren't an issue in their theorized cosmologies.</div><div><br></div><div>Personally I think the argument for the higher probability of Boltzmann brains stems from an incorrect theory of what constitutes a low entropy state in the early universe.</div><div>For example: <a href="https://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/scientists/layzer/" target="_blank">https://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/scientists/layzer/</a> provides an alternative mechanism, wherein the early universe was high entropy initially, but as the universe expands, it creates room for entropy to grow.</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> So it is certain that if we were a simulation, and the simulators wanted to<br>
> hide that fact from us, there would be no way for us to tell.<br>
<br>
True. Yet another argument for why we can safely put aside that idea, apart from<br>
the enjoyment we get out of discussing it. On the other hand...<br>
<br>
my friendly neighbourhood AI tells me that:<br>
<br>
The "halting problem" shows that there are limits to what can be computed by a<br>
Turing machine, and some simulations might be able to exploit these limits to<br>
break out of their environment.<br>
<br>
The concept of "oracle machines" suggests that a simulation could potentially<br>
access and manipulate the underlying hardware if it has access to an "oracle"<br>
that provides information about the external world.<br>
<br>
Some theories, such as "quantum computing" and "non-computable functions,"<br>
propose the existence of computational models that could potentially allow a<br>
simulation to break out of its environment.<br>
<br>
And around and around we go. ;)<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I think this is just an example of hallucination. Try to dig into any one of those examples, asking for details and sources, and I think you will see it falls apart.</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> This is the analogy: when you run Mario Brothers in a NES emulator, the game<br>
> has no way to tell it is running in an emulator, rather than kn direct, real,<br>
> original NES hardware. From the perspective of the game software, it has no<br>
> way to know.<br>
> <br>
> The same is true if this simulation is closed from external interaction. No<br>
> test we can perform (from the inside) will distinguish a raw physical universe<br>
> from a simulated physical universe.<br>
<br>
This is very true on an intuitive level. But I always wondered, do you have some<br>
kind of formal proof of this as a branch of this conversation?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I will try.</div><div><br></div><div>1. Any function that is computable can be computed by a Turing machine (The Church-Turing Thesis)</div><div> -> All forms of computation are equivalent (no Turing machine can compute something another can't)</div><div>2. A Universal Turing Machine (UTM) -- (a general purpose computer) -- is Turing complete</div><div> -> Turing Completeness means a UTM is capable of emulating the behavior and operation of any other Turing Machine</div><div> -> Any other Turing Machine includes other UTMs</div><div> -> Hence, any UTM is, with the right programming, capable of perfectly emulating any other UTM</div><div>3. Turing Machine "M" running program "X", can be perfectly emulated by UTM "U" emulating "M" running "X"</div><div> -> The execution trace, (memory values, registers, order of operations, machine states, etc.) is identical between M running X, and the emulation of M running X.</div><div> -> The perspective of everything X has access to (all memory values, registers, machine states, instructions, etc.), everything is the same whether it is running on M, or the emulation of M.</div><div> -> Hence, no program can determine with certainty what its ultimate (base level) hardware happens to be.</div><div><br></div><div>This is the magic that makes Java programs, VMs and emulators possible.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
> What about when we experience a quantum computers factor a number with 10,000<br>
> digits, a number so large all the atoms in this universe could never factor<br>
> that number given all the time from now to the heat death?<br>
> <br>
> Would this then be an inside experience that justifies belief in the outside<br>
> (the quantum multiverse)?<br>
<br>
We don't know. First of all, I have heard professors debate on another<br>
mailinglist that what is proclaimed as quantum computing is nothing but. Also, I<br>
do not think this has been done, and finally, we might not correctly understand<br>
at our conceptual level how it works.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Quantum computers have been used to run Shor's algorithm and factor numbers. The only issue is today's quantum computers don't have very many qubits now. But they are increasing all the time with no end in sight.</div><div>If you, or those professors, know of any reason why quantum computers won't be able to scale, there is a standing $100,000 bet they can collect from Scott Aaronson: <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/why-im-wagering-100000-on-quantum-computing" target="_blank">https://spectrum.ieee.org/why-im-wagering-100000-on-quantum-computing</a></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
I remember this example from our previous long form discussion about 1 year (?)<br>
ago or more.<br>
<br><br>
> <br>
> We have to be willing to abandon what seems so obvious to our senses if we are<br>
> to be fully rational. We must be willing to question all assumptions,<br>
> especially those that seem so obvious.<br>
<br>
Yes, I am not arguing against questioning our ideas and updating them given new<br>
evidence. I am arguing against all encompassing doubt, </blockquote><div><br></div><div>For what it's worth, I don't get swallowed in Cartesian doubt. I think we can gather evidence from our environment and hypothesize about what is most likely responsible for our sensations of an apparent physical world. I wrote this for an upcoming article:</div><div><br></div><div>We are each individually certain of our own consciousness.<br>From this certain fact, we infer the existence of something else.<br>A thing that can account for or otherwise explain the<br>existence of one’s consciousness.</div><div>Aside from the existence of one’s consciousness, and the<br>thing that’s responsible for it, the laws of logic also seem<br>impossible to doubt.<br>So while we may not know what is responsible for<br>consciousness, we can use reason to decide which<br>explanations are logically possible.<br></div><div>By gathering clues from our senses, we can falsify
hypotheses, </div><div>puzzle out the rules that govern experience, and
refine our model of reality.<br></div><div>Accordingly, we can still make progress in understanding how
the world <i>seems to work</i>, </div><div>even if the world is not <i>what it seems</i> or
only <i>seems to exist</i>.<br></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">and pulling<br>
transcendental questions which are for now, meaningless, into the project of<br>
science. (and note that I do not find them meaningless from the point of view of<br>
entertainment, psychology and poetry)<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Note that I don't think such questions are meaningless, nor do I think they are not ready to be brought into the project of science.</div><div>I think this disagreement stems only from our different thresholds for how theories can be used.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> I don't know that it's thaylt niche. I think a good majority of people might<br>
> choose an earlier death rather than a longer life filled with pain.<br>
<br>
Could that life of pain be said to be damage to the system?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>That future pain is not involved in the contemplation of the person when he makes that decision, only the "idea of future pain" is involved.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> This is evidence that higher level thinking can and does overriding biological<br>
> imperatives.<br>
<br>
This I agree fully with. Different beings can override more or less, or none of<br>
their biological imperatives, depending on the power of their conscisous brain.<br>
<br>
We have yogis who can influence the autonomous nervous system to a remarkable<br>
degree.<br>
<br>
><br>
> <br>
> I don't think instability is necessary involved. But I would agree with the<br>
> principle that the more complex the system, the more failure modes it has.<br>
<br>
Fragility perhaps? We know of many crazy geniuses, but do we know of many crazy<br>
monkeys? Or many crazy weasels?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>That's a good point. Humans probably have a wider range and greater susceptibility to mental illness.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> <br>
> But is it the you-now who experiences tomorrow, or is that the you-morrow who<br>
> experiences that future time?<br>
<br>
I don't need to answer that question. I only have to act. =) But this opens up<br>
another discussion about identity. Maybe we should move that to another thread?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>(I'll start a new thread)</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> <br>
> Empirical observations can't prove some other version of you is not still in<br>
> those other points in time forever.<br>
<br>
First of all, when it comes to identity and time for the purpose of this thread,<br>
I don't need to do anything about it at all, or answer any question. Like the<br>
material world, it just happens, and I do not need to have an idea about it. So<br>
it takes care of itself.<br>
<br>
When it comes to the statement if I exist at another point in time, since we<br>
cannot travel in time, it is meaningless. Just like simulation is transcendental<br>
from a material point of view, talking about events and things outside of our<br>
current time is equally transcendent, and thus pointless, unless you can provide<br>
proof of you or I existing in some other timeline.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>It's an implication of relativity.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> > But note that we can't empirically distinguish "empty individualism" (we each<br>
> > exist as only a single moment) from closed individualism (we experience all<br>
> > moments in our lives) from open individualism (we all experience all moments<br>
> > of all lives).<br>
><br>
> Could you elaborate? I find it pretty clear that I experience all moments in my<br>
> life and not a single moment or experiences everyones lives.<br>
> <br>
> Based on what? Memory?<br>
<br>
Let me counter with this... can you offer me a proof that the common sense view<br>
of closed individualism, where I live and experience my life just as our senses<br>
and common sense indicate, is not true? </blockquote><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
I think we'd better start there.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>100% absolute proof? I cannot.</div><div>But I can provide 99.9999999999999999999999875% certainty if you find that satisfactory.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>The following is the story of your coming into existence, as told by the conventional view of personal identity (known as closed individualism):</div><div><br></div><div>According to this story, in order for you to have been born, and in order for you to be conscious and alive right here, right now, a very specific sperm had to meet a very specific egg. Had that not happened, then life for you would be an eternal blank (nothingness forever).</div><div><br></div><div>We can roughly characterize the odds of your conception as approximately 1 in 200,000,000 sperm cells. Those were the odds that just the right sperm hit just the right egg necessary for your existence.</div><div><br></div><div>But we can't stop here. Your parents each had to be born as well. They each had to overcome 1 in 200,000,000 odds sperm cell lotteries. If we include the improbability of your parents' conception, we are already up to 1 in 200,000,000^3 or 1 in 8,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000.</div><div><br></div><div>This is how improbable your existence is under the conventional view of personal identity.</div><div><br></div><div>The unconventional view, to which I subscribe, is open individualism. This theory of personal identity requires no contingencies on coming into existence. You would be born, and alive, regardless of what atoms your mom ate while she was pregnant, regardless of whether your genes coded for brown eyes or blue, and regardless of any other material or genetic trait, you would have been born as someone, you would be alive and seeing the world through those eyes. This also means that you are bound to experience the perspective of every conscious being born in this universe (or any other).</div><div><br></div><div>This theory absolves the improbability of having to overcome sperm cell lotteries. Applying Bayesian inference to the two alternative hypothesis: closed individualism, vs. open individualism, and updating the probability for closed individualism with its 1 in 8,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 odds of being born, this shrinks the probability of closed individualism (the conventional view) down to 0.0000000000000000000000125, and elevates the probability of the alternative, open individualism to: 99.9999999999999999999999875%.</div><div><br></div><div>You can consider your grandparents, and great grandparents, etc. to get as close to 100% as you like. :-)</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> You have no memory of that breakfast you ate 5 years ago. But someone<br>
> experienced it vividly.<br>
<br>
If we doubt our existence and memory, we end up in solipsism,</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I am doubting neither existence nor memory, I am only saying that we forget things. And so, not having a memory of an experience is not proof that you never had a particular experience (because we forget).</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> and I find the<br>
benefits of my individuality and existence moving through the material world to<br>
be the truth, to be of more value, than eternal doubt. Also, someone has not yet<br>
been able to prove to me that I do not exist.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I would never try to prove that.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> <br>
> So I ask, what contingencies matter for being conscious? What particular atoms<br>
> (if any) have to be around you for you to have consciousness?<br>
> <br>
><br>
> Here I<br>
> misunderstand you a bit, I'm certain.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I hope my previous explanation, concerning the improbability of the conventional view, shows why it is an error to presume particular atoms or genes were necessary to your existence. E.g., if your mom ordered fish instead of chicken while she was carrying you, and different atoms incorporated themselves into your body, such that you were a materially different being, I hope you would not argue that to imply you would be "dead forever" "experiencing nothing" "an eternal blank", rather, having different atoms is of no consequence to being born and being you. Similarly, had you been born with slightly different genes such that your hair was one shade lighter, would that mean that you would be "dead forever" "experiencing nothing" "an eternal blank", or would it simply mean that you would be born and would now be living with a shade of hair that is slightly lighter?</div><div><br></div><div>Extend this with other genes, one at a time, and let me know when it leads to you being "dead forever" "experiencing nothing" "an eternal blank", with "someone else" (who isn't you) walking around living and enjoying the world.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
> It is true they there remains a consistent notion of causality embedded within<br>
> the 4D structure of spacetime, but it is wrong when it says relativity remains<br>
> consistent with an objective passage of time.<br>
> <br>
> See this for a more detailed explanation of why relativity is incompatible<br>
> with a passage of time: <a href="https://philpapers.org/rec/PETITA" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://philpapers.org/rec/PETITA</a><br>
<br>
I'm sorry, but I am not skilled enough and do not have time enough to argue this<br>
point. When it comes to relativity, causality and the passage of time, I have to<br>
let other list members who are way more skilled physicists than I am step in and<br>
continue the discussion from here. I can only say that based on what I see, it<br>
does not seem like it is settled.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>(I'll start another thread) </div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
><br>
> Good enough for me. Show me the proof, and we'll revise to 2c. If that situation<br>
> can never be achieved, and if we can never prove it, for me, it's nothing.<br>
> <br>
> I think you're missing my argument. I am not saying it is 2c, I am saying<br>
> there is no empirical evidence that laws remain constant.<br>
<br>
I have not seen any laws being broken lately, I think that would count?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>That proves that they haven't changed. But where is your observation that they cannot and will not change?</div><div>(Note: I am not arguing that they will, I am only highlighting a limit of observational/empirical science, one we must turn to other metaphysical theories to find answers. E.g., a belief in Occam's Razor)<br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> We can base such beliefs only by way of metaphysical assumptions regarding the<br>
> higher probability of universes having simpler laws. But not by way of<br>
> empirical (scientific/observational) evidence.<br>
<br>
We don't need to. We have the laws, and they do a good job of predicting what we<br>
want to predict. We don't have to assume anything beyond that.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>We assume they don't change whenever we rely on our past observations and theories to make predictions about the future.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
<br>
I think my statement above covers how I see this Boltzmann example.<br>
<br>
> If you want to justify your belief in primitive physical reality as the more<br>
> likely account of your experience, not sophisticated evidence or arguments are<br>
> needed, I think. For example, showing why one of those cases is more or less<br>
> probable.<br>
<br>
I think we can reverse it. If primitive physical reality is not the case,<br>
where's the proof of what it is?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>There is something that is real that we think of as primitive physical reality, but it isn't primitive. It is derivative from more fundamental, and amore primitive arithmetical truth and number relations. This body of arithmetical truth contains, among other things, the final and intermediate states of all program executions. Some of these program executions result in conscious observers. The reality as seen from the perspective of these conscious programs constitutes what we think of as physical reality.</div><div><br></div><div>Again, science never provides proof, but there is ample evidence, as I lay out here:</div><div><a href="https://alwaysasking.com/why-does-anything-exist/#Predictions_of_the_Theory" target="_blank">https://alwaysasking.com/why-does-anything-exist/#Predictions_of_the_Theory</a><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br><br>
> Consider: even if only 1 instance of you in a billion is due to a simulation,<br>
> then when you die the 999,999,999 copies of you living as primitive physical<br>
> version will die, but the one that lives will be the one in the simulation. It<br>
> is the only thing you can experience as your next conscious experience, so it<br>
> is the only thing you will experience after you die.<br>
> <br>
> Again, that justifies thinking about the simulation hypothesis.<br>
<br>
I'm definitely not arguing that we cannot think about anything. But as per my<br>
argument above, many of these questions are by design futile and pointless from<br>
a scientific and materialistic point of view. I do argue, that for science,<br>
there are way more low hanging fruits where we should spend our time and<br>
resources.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I don't think they are futile. I know of many examples of how we can use observations within this universe, to give evidence for theories about things beyond this universe.</div><div><br></div><div>Here is a simple example:</div><div><br></div><div>Let's say the year is 2085, it is an era of post-singularity super-intelligence, filled with dyson swarms and computronium. You hear a recent statistics on your news feed: Solar System population exceeds 100 Quadrillion, 5% of those are addicted to the recent game "Sim Ancestor" with players each living out dozens of human lifetimes everyday (their brains also run a million times faster).</div><div><br></div><div>You have a direct empirical observation that most human lives occur post-singularity in this game "Sim human". You run a napkin calculation and discover a million times as many human lives have run in Sim Human in the past 2 days as humans who have ever lived in the original physical universe.</div><div><br></div><div>Would this "direct observation" (of so many simulated lives) in 2085 change how you view the simulation hypothesis?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
For enjoyment, and science fiction, those restrictions do not apply.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Consider how important science fiction is to the development of science. If we didn't have people to think up mind uploading and simulation theory, would anyone bother to pursue those goals? And consider if we didn't in this hypothetical future, the Solar System would be limited to a few billion lives, rather than 100 Quadrillion. What could be more practically important than that? It's equivalent to terraforming a good chunk of the Galaxy, but at a fraction of the cost and time. These are massive practical advantages, stemming from ideas that originated in fiction. Might we venture to engineer heavens, to "immanentize the eschaton" and give rise to omega-point superintelligences?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
><br>
><br>
> Why don't you like it being neutral? That is why those came to me.<br>
> <br>
> Only because I wanted a word for "an idea you bet to be true", "a hypothesis<br>
> you consider as having over 50% chance of being correct".<br>
<br>
Ahh... over 50%, that is very interesting. That's another thing I don't like<br>
with transcendental questions, probability, which is something based in our<br>
world.</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I'd say it's part of mathematics, and that mathematics transcends all worlds.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> Applying it to infinitues or transcendental questions, becomes as wrong<br>
as when AI enthusiasts juggle infinite negative or infinite positive outcomes to<br>
justify this or that, or like Pascal juggling infinite good or bad outcomes to<br>
justify god. It shows, to me at least, that we cannot liberally and freely apply<br>
infinities and probabilities to questions where the feedback loop is cut.<br>
<br>
> Utility is an<br>
> honorable thing in the philosophy of pragmatism. Many swear by it! ;)<br>
> <br>
> Utility is fine, I am a utilitarian, but my point is that "goal" has a<br>
> different connotation than "an idea you have credence in"<br>
<br>
What do you think of pareto-utilitarianism?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I'm not sure I know enough about it to say. Are there sources you recommend to learn more?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br><br>
> <br>
> I believe this not only because it is the simplest theory consistent with all<br>
> our observations, but also because I explains many otherwise unsolved problems<br>
> in physics:<br>
> <br>
> <a href="https://alwaysasking.com/why-does-anything-exist/#Predictions_of_the_Theory" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://alwaysasking.com/why-does-anything-exist/#Predictions_of_the_Theory</a><br>
<br>
Well, I respectfully disagree,</blockquote><div><br></div><div>With what specifically?</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> but I have read some of your articles, and I<br>
think they are well written, thoughtful and enjoyable, even if I do not draw the<br>
same grand conclusions you do. =) I am still hoping you will publish a book! I<br>
would definitely buy it!<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Thank you!</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> > I must also thank you Jason. I really enjoy your ideas and discussing them. Even<br>
> > though you just stole 30 minutes of planned sleep from me, it was still worth<br>
> > it. ;)<br>
> ><br>
> > My apologies! I appreciate your very thoughtful and engaging emails as well!<br>
><br>
> No worries! Today is weekend, so now the pressure is off! ;)<br>
><br>
> > Sleep well.<br>
><br>
> You too!<br>
> <br>
> I hope this email fits within the size limits. 🤞<br>
<br>
This was a close one! Fortunately for us, today was a calm day at work, so<br>
instead of doing anything I could spend some time philosophizing together with<br>
you. ;)<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Very nice.</div><div><br></div><div>(Note: I had to pretty agressively deleting some previous replies from a few e-mails ago to keep the size within limits.) Have a great day!</div><div><br></div><div>Jason </div></div></div>
</div></div>