<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Feb 25, 2025 at 10:59 AM efc--- via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
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On Tue, 25 Feb 2025, Ben Zaiboc via extropy-chat wrote:<br>
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> > If you think science is the best tool to refine, improve, discard, and<br>
> > revise ideas, why not apply it to refine, improve, discard,<br>
> <br>
> and revise ideas that originated in the sphere of religion?<br>
> <br>
> That's pretty much what I have done, for myself. With the inevitable result:<br>
> No religion left. Try this with most of the population of the world, though,<br>
> and see how far you get. In quite a few parts of the world, you probably<br>
> wouldn't even survive the attempt. <br>
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This is very interesting, because like you both, I also have toyed with this<br>
concept of deconstructing religion to see what pieces we should keep and what<br>
pieces we should discard.<br>
<br>
My personal conclusion is that religion contains some sound ethical advice, but<br>
that ethical advise can be put in a more clear way, and grounded much more<br>
intelligently and coherently with the help of modern philosophy, informed by<br>
science. So that would lead to discarding all of the ethics and rules. They can<br>
be used as a starting point, but upon philosophizing a bit, they can be given<br>
better foundations. A lot of weirdness and superstition goes out the window at<br>
the same time, which is good!<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>You speak of using science and philosophy to continuously refine and update our understanding, e.g. of moral or ethical (rules/ideas/heuristics/hypotheses/theories).</div><div><br></div><div>But then, what do we call this accumulated body of knowledge which represents our current and best scientifically, and philosophically informed ideas on these topics?</div><div><br></div><div>Is this not simply itself a "<i>religion</i>" but one that is revealed over time through science and rational thought?</div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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When it comes to the rest, there are "spiritual" techniques such as<br>
meditation/prayer/mantras which have psychological and health benefits. Even if<br>
we strip them of their divine garb and deconstruct them, they still have been<br>
shown to provide psychological benefits, such as meditation, zazen, mindfulness,<br>
and depending on how broadly or narrowly you want to define the category you can<br>
throw in other things as well such as visualization, hypnosis, self-hypnosis,<br>
progressive muscle relaxation etc. The benefits might not be huge, and are<br>
dependent on the person, but there are various amounts of benefits there.<br>
<br>
A third aspect of religion which I think can profitably be deconstructed and<br>
stripped of its divinegarb is deep, spiritual meaning and the feeling of a<br>
fulfilled life. This is covered by positive psychology that teaches us the<br>
importance of thankfulness, belonging to a community, having friends, being<br>
physically active, eating in a healthy way etc.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I agree there are many practices which may be beneficial, we should evaluate them scientifically/rationally.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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You also have an off-shoot in the form of transpersonal psychology which<br>
studies the the spiritual and transcendent human experiences within the <br>
framework of modern psychology. <br>
<br>
We have learned that for some, eating magic mushrooms or other substances in a<br>
controlled way, with experienced guides, can heal psychological traumas, can<br>
create feelings of being connected deeply with the universe, and these<br>
experiences are ranked by many as profound and transformative experiences of<br>
immense value.<br>
<br>
These subtances and protocols make them available even to us hardened scientists<br>
and transhumanists, _if_ we feel the need for it. In fact, I am very curious<br>
myself about the effect of such a "trip" on me, who is lacking the religious<br>
background for it. On the other hand, I am fairly happy with my life as it is, I<br>
do feel awe at times, when contemplating the universe. Is that a spiritual<br>
feeling? I don't know. Does it increase my life satisfaction? Sure does!<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Science provides evidence for at least 3 conceptions of God:</div><div><br></div><div>1. (Brahman/Tao/The Father) The infinite, incomprehensible, eternal, indestructible, uncreated and self-existent truth. This truth, being the reason and cause behind all material things can be seen as the source, or the ground of being, supporting the existence of both ourselves and the whole of material reality.</div><div><br></div><div>2. (Atman/World Soul/Holy Spirit) The one self of universalism, the possessor of all conscious experience. It is you, you are it, and it is everyone. Moreover, this conception of personal identity leads directly to an ethical framework reminiscent of the golden rule, which is found in nearly every religion.</div><div><br></div><div>3. (Vishnu/Personal Gods) The superintelligences born into universes that allow them to spawn off, and sometimes continue to control, other material universes. For example, AIs or civilizations that arise in universes permitting infinite computations to be performed. Such gods have their own minds and wills.</div><div><br></div><div>Science (or rather, philosophy) also provides much evidence for something like a "<i>soul</i>," when one considers that according to functionalism:</div><div><br></div><div>1. Consciousness is an <b><i>immaterial</i></b> pattern, not a particular physical thing.</div><div>2. After death or destruction of the body, consciousness can be restored, i.e. returned to life, or <b><i>resurrected</i></b> by remaking the same body and brain (e.g. by mind uploading, restoring from a backup)</div><div>3. A mind pattern may even be restored, or <b><i>reincarnated</i></b>, to a different body, made of different materials, so long as the same mind-pattern is maintained.</div><div>4. The pattern not only can be made of different materials and atoms, it need not be made of atoms from this universe at all, so long as a computer can be built in some other universe, using whatever materials are available there, it is possible to reproduce a mind pattern and its consciousness in that universe, thus a mind can <b><i>transcend</i></b> this physical universe and <b><i>transmigrate</i></b> to any other (where a computer can be built).</div><div>5. As an immaterial pattern, only instantiations of a mind can be destroyed, the pattern itself, being abstract (like the number "3" or "Beethoven's 5th symphony") is <b><i>indestructible</i></b>.</div><div>6. Since the evolution of mind states is non-linear, their future evolution cannot be predicted, it must be simulated, and according to functionalism this act of simulating the mind to a sufficient degree of accuracy will necessarily instantiate that mind's consciousness, hence there is <b><i>free will</i></b> -- only the mind in question can decide what it chooses to do, and it is necessarily conscious in so doing (assuming the mind is conscious).</div><div><br></div><div>So today's leading theory of consciousness, "functionalism", tells us that consciousness is:</div><div>immaterial, indestructible, can reincarnate, resurrect, transcend the physical universe, transmigrate to other planes of existence, and has free will.</div><div><br></div><div>Is this not a scientific recapitulation of all those ancient ideas about "the soul"?</div><div> </div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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These have been my results of applying science to religion, and picking the<br>
cherries, will leaving the rest.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>"Just as the honeybee takes nectar from all flowers, big and small, an intelligent human being should take the essence from all religious scriptures."</div><div>-- The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a> <a href="https://www.srimadbhagavatamclass.com/srimad-bhagavatam-canto-11-chapter-08-text-10/">11.8.10</a> (c. 800 A.D.)</div><div> </div><div><br></div><div>Jason</div></div></div>