<div dir="auto"><div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sun, Oct 12, 2025, 5:06 PM Adrian Tymes via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">On Sun, Oct 12, 2025 at 2:14 PM Jason Resch via extropy-chat<br>
<<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br>
> On Sun, Oct 12, 2025 at 1:48 PM Adrian Tymes via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br>
>> Which may actually be just the one state that will result in the final<br>
>> result, but we have no way to know what it is at that time.<br>
><br>
> Then we can't explain the intermediate steps of the computation, and hence, can't explain how quantum computers work.<br>
<br>
Sure we can. The ability to explain a class of systems in general, is<br>
not the same as the ability to know precisely all of a specific<br>
system's internal states at the exact moment those states exist.<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">That's exactly what's required to write an algorithm.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
> If you interrupt the computer and observe the quantum computation before it finishes, you will observe just 1 of the 2^(N/2) possible intermediate values, but that is not because only one value existed. It is because the superposition has spread to you, and you have put yourself into a superposition of 2^(N/2) distinct states, each one remembering having observed a single 1 of the 2^(N/2) possible intermediate values, but there is a version of you for each of those possible values.<br>
><br>
> This is what misled early quantum physicists into thinking the superposition collapses to only "one thing." and proposing that conscious observation "collapses the wave function" to randomly choose a single outcome at random to become real. What was really happening, however, is that the superposition simply never went away. We just become part of it, like any other physical object would become part of a superposition, when it interacts with something that is in a superposition.<br>
<br>
In other words, you're assuming Many Worlds to prove Many Worlds. I<br>
trust it is obvious why I find that unconvincing.<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Do you have an alternative explanation for why when we allow the computation to proceed unobserved, it *must* be in a superposition representing all states (as otherwise the math of the cancellation doesn't work out) and yet if we interrupt the computation and peek at that superposed state before it completes, we end up seeing just one possibility (with all the others seeming to vanish at random)?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Or will you affirm David Deutsch's observation that he's never seen anyone who assumes Copenhagen give a reasonable explanation for how a quantum computer works?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
As to me being part of the superposition - fundamentally, I only know<br>
absolutely that I, a thing that is having the thoughts that I am<br>
having, exist. All sensory data and memory data could be faked.<br>
Accepting the sensory and memory data that are available to me, that<br>
still leaves the simplest explanation for things involving me that<br>
there is only one me. </blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Simplicity is about elements of a theory, not objects in reality. If the latter, then you should assume you are a Boltzmann brain dreaming this one instant of time.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">But nature's shown no frugality when it comes to the number of objects in reality -- only a strong preference for such objects to be explained by simple theories.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"> The burden of proof is on those who would claim<br>
there are multiple "me"s, such as me being inside and part of a<br>
superposition.<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If you believe the Schrodinger equation then that is your evidence. You must add additional unsupported assumptions beyond the Schrodinger equation if you want to eliminate all the other parts of the superposition.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Going another way - is, then, everything that interacts with or<br>
observes a superposition, part of that superposition? That stretches<br>
"superposition" to near-meaninglessness: the entire observable<br>
universe might as well be one giant superposition.</blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Exactly. You have rediscovered the so-called "universal wave function"</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">"[The universal wave function] must contain amplitudes for all possible worlds depending on all quantum-mechanical possibilities in the past and thus one is forced to believe in the equal reality of an infinity of possible worlds."</div><div dir="auto">-- Richard Feynman</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"> If we are inside<br>
the superposition, then what has - as you put it - "become real" to<br>
us? </blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">What would be real for any particular mind then, is the set of histories/universes compatible with everything that mind state happens to know at that present time.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">There is no one reality or one history, rather each observer's mind state would map to an infinite number of distinct histories which happen to contain that observer's mind state.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">As Hawking explained:</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">"The top down approach we have described leads to a profoundly different view of cosmology, and the relation between cause and effect. Top down cosmology is a framework in which one essentially traces the histories backwards, from a spacelike surface at the present time. The no boundary histories of the universe thus depend on what is being observed, contrary to the usual idea that the universe has a unique, observer independent history. In some sense no boundary initial conditions represent a sum over all possible initial states."</div><div dir="auto">-- Stephen Hawking and Thomas Hertog in “Populating the landscape: A top-down approach” (2006)</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">So far as we are concerned - the one instance of you that is<br>
observing the one instance of me, whether or not there are other<br>
instances of us - the superposition has indeed gone away.<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Are you familiar with the Wigner's friend thought experiment? How do you account for Wigner's friend being in a superposition, from the perspective of Wigner?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Jason </div></div>