<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 at 15:07, Jason Resch via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">This is the problem with retrospective studies. They don't consider or don't properly account for any number of confounding factors, such as the healthy vaccine effect, the compliers effect, or the fact that people near death often aren't given vaccines.<div><br></div><div>We know that last year's flu vaccine had negative efficacy (those who received it were more 26.9% likely to get the flu), so by what proposed biological mechanism could such an injection explain a reduction in heart disease? To me the most plausible answer is that it is a combination of one or more confounding factors, and it is premature to conclude the flu vaccine actually confers any reduction to heart disease.</div><div><br></div><div>This becomes more clear when you look at all causes of mortality, and you will likely see a reduction in cancer deaths, automobile deaths, Alzheimer deaths, etc. and it will seem like you have found a miracle medicine that is suitable for every disease and ailment known to man. But it is an illusion of the biases inherent to observational studies that lack randomized controls.</div><div><br></div><div>Jason<br><div></div></div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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_______________________________________________</blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">I think what the article is saying is that for patients who already have weak cardiovascular conditions, then it is not 'just the flu'. The strain of the flu and the inflammation response can push these already weak patients over the edge.</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">A doctor once said "If you can walk into my surgery, then you haven't got flu. You've got a bad cold." Flu will usually cause a few days (at least) in bed.</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">BillK</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default"><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">From the article -</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default"><p>The evidence is compelling. A study in 2018 found that the risk of a
heart attack jumps sixfold in the week after a confirmed flu infection<sup><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-03598-0?utm_source=Live+Audience&utm_campaign=82ce72787e-nature-briefing-daily-20251218&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_-33f35e09ea-50169436#ref-CR1">1</a></sup>.
Another study, involving more than 80,000 adults hospitalized with
influenza, found that nearly one in eight experienced an acute
cardiovascular event<sup><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-03598-0?utm_source=Live+Audience&utm_campaign=82ce72787e-nature-briefing-daily-20251218&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_-33f35e09ea-50169436#ref-CR2">2</a></sup>.</p><p>The
connection between influenza and a host of cardiovascular conditions is
not a surprise. Scientists have long known that the virus affects more
than the respiratory tract. It triggers a powerful inflammatory
response, sending the immune system into overdrive. This response can
activate blood platelets, increasing the risk of blood-clot formation.
Fever elevates heart rate and energy demands, and dehydration adds
further strain. The result is a physiological storm that can tip
vulnerable people — especially those with underlying cardiovascular
disease — into crisis.</p><p>---------------------------------</p><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default"><br></div></div></div>