<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">On Sun, Jan 25, 2026 at 11:18 AM Jason Resch via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:</span></div></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><font face="georgia, serif" size="4" style=""><span class="gmail_default" style="font-style:italic;font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span><i><span class="gmail_default" style="">> </span>Why do we think a Dyson swarm is the most efficient or most practical source of power?</i></font><div dir="auto"><font face="georgia, serif" size="4"><i>Stars only convert 0.7% of a stars mass into energy, and it takes 5 billion years or longer to get it.<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>A black hole engine, on the other hand, can convert 100% of mass into energy via hawking radiation</i></font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>It makes no difference how the energy is produced, according to the <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">S</span>econd <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">L</span>aw <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">O</span>f <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">T</span>hermodynamics<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>if you make <span class="gmail_default" style="">a vast </span>amount of energy <span class="gmail_default" style="">then </span>you're going to make a vast amount of waste energy in the form of infrared radiation<span class="gmail_default" style="">,</span><span class="gmail_default" style=""> and to us that will look like a very intense point source. But we have seen nothing that looks like that. </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><br></b></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style="">John K Clark</b></font></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
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