<div dir="auto"><div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Feb 16, 2026, 1:33 PM Ben Zaiboc via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">On 16/02/2026 16:34, Jason Resch wrote:<br>
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> To advocate a bit for Platonism, I am wondering how you would class the existence of mathematical truths and objects. For example, assuming we agree that zero has infinite factors, that pi has infinite digits, and that there are infinite primes, and assuming we agree that these infinite factors, infinite digits, and infinite primes do not all exist in the physical universe, then where do they exist? They can't exist in human minds (as our minds can't hold infinite things) and we already agreed they don't exist physically. So we require some third manner of existence for such things as these. For this, I think "Platonic existence" is the perfect substitute for when neither physical, nor mental realms will do.<br>
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These things come into existence when data-processing systems think about them.</blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">But where do they exist? Or to ask another way: in what *sense* do they exist?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"> I don't see that there's any need to posit that they exist independently of this.<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">The problem come comes in when we say there aren't infinite primes, or that e^pi*i + 1 = 0. Our mathematics breaks if there is some largest prime or if pi's digits don't go on forever.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">But the infinite primes, and pi's infinite digits exist neither in our heads, nor in the physical universe. Yet they must exist in some sense or else we must abandon mathematics we know it.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">When Godel (through his theorems) realized that mathematical truths cannot be a human invention (since mathematical truth transcends any human created axiomatic system), he came to the conclusion that objects in mathematics must have some kind of objective or Platonic existence, as they could not be our own creations.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">For this reason, I think idealism, nominalism, etc. are inadequate when it comes to accounting for the existence of mathematical truth and objects.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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Do the possible configurations of a Game of Life exist somewhere, independently of an actual instance of the Game of Life working through them?<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If you agree that "2 + 2 = 4" is true independent of you, me, or the first mathematician to scribe that pattern on a clay tablet, then from this fact alone it can be shown that there exist more complex equations (universal Diophantine equations) whose solutions represent the outputs of every computable function.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Among these computable functions, include every possible Game of Life state and it's full evolution.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Now you ask, is such a game "actual"?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Here we need to qualify what work the word "actual" is doing here. What makes one computation (among the infinity of computations performed by this universal Diophantine equation) actual and another not?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">After all, what we consider our *actual physical universe* could itself be just one of the many outputs resulting from all the computations performed by such a platonically existing universal Diophantine equation.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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Does it make any sense to claim that the 49 trillionth digit of Pi exists, unless and until some system actually calculates it?<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">I think it makes no sense to say "Pi doesn't have an Nth digit because no one has computed it yet."</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">I believe each of Pi's digits exists, whether or not some primate writes it down in a chalk board and looks at it.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">You believe there are more than 52 Mersenne primes, don't you?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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You could say that things like this exist in the same sense that gods or Santa Claus 'exist': as concepts in minds ('meta-existence'?).</blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">The difference is there is objective truth and properties associated with these objects. Mathematical objects can be studied rationally and their properties agreed upon, even by cultures that never meet or interact. Aliens on other worlds would discover the same digits of Pi as we discover. That's the difference between mathematical objects and ideas like Santa.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"> The fact that any mind in any particular universe is going to come up with the same answers every time (at least for the maths examples) is not really significant, except to show that the physical rules of that universe are consistent.<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">In my view what makes something objective is being amenable to be studied, investigated, and revealing properties that independent researchers can agree on.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">This is what makes physics an objective field, and it is what makes mathematics an objective field.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Note that unlike in fiction, people aren't free to just "make up" a 53rd Mersenne prime and claim prize money -- they must discover *an actual* Mersenne prime, that is, they must *discover* a new number having all the properties of a Mersenne prime.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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So I reckon that there is no need for 'Platonic existence', for things that don't actually exist in the physical realm, because they do exist in the mental realm, whenever they are needed. They appear there as a result of computation. Otherwise, they don't actually exist, or maybe you could say that they exist potentially, implicit in the laws of nature (or in the case of gods & Santa, implicit in human psychology).<br></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">There are different forms of existence.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">There is existence defined by being mutually causally interactive (what we normally think of as physical existence, or existing within this universe). </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">But then there is also existence for things which are acausal. For example, two bubble universes in eternal inflation that will never interact, or two decohered branches in many worlds, or even just other universes with different laws, which we presume must exist to explain the fine tuning of the laws of our own universe. In what sense do these other universes exist?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Are they still worth of the full "concrete physical existence" when we can't see them and can't interact with them? Or should their existence be demoted to inferred/abstract/theoretical?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If the latter, isn't that the same sort of existence that mathematical object have? Other physical universes can be studied via simulation, we can analyze their properties, what structures exist as a result of their different laws, etc.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">The abstract sort of existence that other possible universes have seems to be, to be the same sort mathematical objects have.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Jason</div><div dir="auto"></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">P.S.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">While this sounds like outlandish speculation, there is actually strong empirical support for the theory that our universe is the result of a greater ontology in which all computations play out in all possible ways. For references see:</div><div dir="auto"><a href="https://loc.closertotruth.com/theory/resch-s-platonic-functionalism">https://loc.closertotruth.com/theory/resch-s-platonic-functionalism</a></div><div dir="auto"></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"></blockquote></div></div></div>