<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">On Fri, Feb 20, 2026 at 4:16 PM Jason Resch via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:</span></div></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>> </span>Which is more fundamental,<span class="gmail_default"> the English language word "c-o-w" or the thing with four legs that can produce milk? </span></b></font></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>I see you remain confused</i></font></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>And I see you have not answered my question.<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span> </b></font></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>by the circularity inherent to the triangle.I suggest taking a look at the paper I linked.</i></font></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>I already had and I was not impressed<span class="gmail_default" style=""> by </span>Penrose’s<span class="gmail_default" style=""> triangle. Mind is just what the brain, which needs to be made of matter to work, does. And chimpanzees, which are made of matter, can produce mind, but they do not have math. And the rest of the paper was equally unimpressive, which wasn't surprising because the 3 authors (none of whom is Roger Penrose) admit right at the start that they don't agree even among themselves and "</span><i><u>hold three divergent views</u></i><span class="gmail_default" style=""><u></u>"</span>.</b></font></div><div><br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>> </span>Without access to reality<span class="gmail_default"> by way of experiment, </span>mathematics can't explain anything physical, except perhaps for the second law of thermodynamics.<span class="gmail_default"> </span></b></font></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>It can also explain:</i></font></div><div><ul><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why there is an ontology of parallel states (e.g. many-worlds)</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why the universe follows the Schrödinger equation</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>The linearity of quantum mechanics</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why Occam's razor works so reliably</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why the universe has a beginning (a time which we can't retrodict to earlier states)</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why the universe has time</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why physical laws are simple</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why physical laws, can at best, only offer probabilistic predictions</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why laws are computable</i></font></li><li><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>Why there is general relativity</i></font></li></ul><div><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>What theory in physics are you aware of that can explain these facts?</i></font></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>I<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>only have answers to<span class="gmail_default" style=""> 3 of those questions. </span> Occam's razor<span class="gmail_default" style=""> is simply a matter of economy, we don't have access to infinite computing capacity therefore it is wise to look for the least complex way you can to find an answer to a puzzle, and as a result of that fundamental laws tend to be simple. And if there are any physical laws that are not computable then we wouldn't be able to find them, therefore any laws that we do find are going to be computable. </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><span class="gmail_default" style=""><b>As for the other questions on your list, forget about finding the answers, without access to physical reality you wouldn't even know what questions to ask. The most profound question of all is not on your list, it is "</b><u style="font-weight:bold">Why is there something rather than nothing?</u><b>", but if you didn't have access to physical reality you wouldn't even know there was something that needed explaining. </b></span></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""> John K Clark</span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default"><br></span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default">Also, consider a mathematical model of a hurricane and a real physical hurricane, is the physical hurricane modeling the mathematical representation or is the mathematical representation modeling the physical hurricane? </span></b></font><b style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:large"><span class="gmail_default"> You'd expect the real deal to be more complex than a mere model, so if you're right then the physical hurricane should be simpler than the mathematical model that is running on a computer, but that is not the case. It is never the case, the mathematical model <u>always</u> uses approximations, the physical hurricane never does. </span></b></div><div><b style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:large"><span class="gmail_default"><br></span></b></div><div><br></div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Even large finite numbers can't exist in our heads.<span class="gmail_default"> Computers have calculated 105 trillion digits of π,</span> but if you want to calculate the circumference of the observable universe<span class="gmail_default"> from its radius to the greatest accuracy that physically makes sense, the Planck length, you'd only need the first 62 digits. So I think the 63rd digit has less reality than the 62nd, and the </span>105 trillion<span class="gmail_default">th even less.</span></b></font></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>We could also say that physical laws depend on or are downstream of higher mathematical laws. So if physics laws can be said to exist, then in the same sense these mathematical laws (i.e. rules) can also be said to exist.</i></font></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default"></span></b></font><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>I believe it is probable that mathematics is the language of physics but is a language nevertheless, if that is true then you've got it backwards, physics is more fundamental than mathematics. The English word "cow" cannot produce milk and it exists only within the mind of a human, but the thing that can produce milk exists within the human mind and outside of it too. </b></font></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><br></font><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div><div class="gmail_quote"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>
> To advocate a bit for Platonism, I am wondering how you would class the existence of mathematical truths and objects.</i></font></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>If Jane, Susan and John find <span class="gmail_default">9</span> cupcakes<span class="gmail_default"> and they decide to divide them up equally among themselves, how many cupcakes does each person get? The answer to this word puzzle is 3, it is a mathematical truth, however none of those 9 cupcakes are physically real. Mathematics is capable of generating puzzles of arbitrary difficulty and complexity, however that doesn't necessarily mean they have any reality outside of the mind that is attempting to solve the puzzle. </span> </b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><br></b></font></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span> when one of our useful mathematical theories says it is true that "$1000 - $995 = $5" also tells us that 9 is non-prime because an integer factor of 9</i></font></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Here is another word puzzle, Jane, Susan and John decide to arrange those 9 cupcakes<span class="gmail_default"> into a square (or a rectangle), would that be physically possible? The answer is yes. Here is yet another word puzzle </span>Jane, Susan and John decide to arrange <span class="gmail_default">11</span> cupcakes<span class="gmail_default"> into a square (or a rectangle), would that be physically possible? The answer is no. But none of these word puzzles has any bearing on the existence of cupcakes, we could've just as easily been talking about unicorns instead of cupcakes. </span></b></font></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>It is no different from the physicists who takes general relativity serious and who concludes, based on the measured curvature of the universe, that there exist regions space far beyond the cosmological horizon. They are so far away that we will never be able to see them. But these regions must exist if our theory of GR is true.</i></font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>That is a perfectly logical argument<span class="gmail_default">, and that's why I think those who say that the Many Worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics is not science because we could never see those other worlds is invalid. I think those other worlds must exist if quantum mechanics is true. Probably. </span> </b></font></div><div><br></div><div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>"A 53rd Mersenne prime exists."<span class="gmail_default"> </span>Is such a statement true?</i></font></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4"><b>I<font face="tahoma, sans-serif"> don't know but I do know that the<span class="gmail_default"></span> existence or non-existence of a<span class="gmail_default"> </span>53rd Mersenne prime<span class="gmail_default"> makes a difference only within the mind attempting to find it or attempting to prove it doesn't exist. The planets will continue on with their orbits unchanged regardless of what the answer to that word puzzle turns out to be. </span></font></b></font></div></div><div><br></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></div>
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