<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">On Tue, Mar 24, 2026 at 9:20 AM Jason Resch via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:</span></div></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>
><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>></span> Functionalism is a theory in the philosophy of mind. If one accepts functionalism, then that is enough to establish the uploaded mind will be conscious.</i></font><br></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"></font><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>> </span>Yes. And an implicit belief in functionalism is the reason you feel certain that solipsism is untrue and your fellow human beings are conscious, except when they are sleeping or under anesthesia or dead. </b></font></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><font size="4"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>I would say that strictly speaking functionalism isn't enough to escape solipsism, which also requires an ontological claim (e.g., that other people I see are real with functional brains of their own, rather than figments of my imagination).</i></font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>But then<span class="gmail_default" style=""> you would have no reason to believe that your fellow human beings were more likely to be conscious than an intelligent electronic machine. </span> </b></font></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>But functionalism could perhaps be used to argue that even if they were figments of your imagination, then at a certain point of accuracy, your brain generating a simulation of their behavior would invoke something like a functional process that emulates (and thus generates) their mind.</i></font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Good point.<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span> </b></font></div><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b><br></b></font><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i>
><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>></span> But functionalism is silent on the question of which experiences instantiated in which places are experience[s] you can expect to be yours.</i></font><br></blockquote><div><br></div><div><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>></span>No, and when discussing this topic great care is needed in the use of personal pronouns. According to functionalism the "you" of yesterday is the "you" who says he remembers being the "you" of yesterday. And yes, if two beings are able to do that then they are both the "you" of yesterday.</b></font></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i style=""><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">></span>Then you are assuming more than just functionalism. You're subscribing to a memory-based theory of personal identity. This is common, but by no means universal. There are functionalists who would consider as plausible, surviving through amnesia.</i></font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>If personal survival is possible even with permanent amnesia (I'm <span class="gmail_default" style="">very </span>skeptical but for the sake of argument<span class="gmail_default" style=""> let's pretend it's true</span>) then memory would be sufficient but not necessary; so although there may be others, the "you" who says he remembers being the "you" of yesterday <span class="gmail_default" style="">would</span> still <span class="gmail_default" style="">be one of </span>the"you<span class="gmail_default" style="">s</span>" of today. </b></font><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b> <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>> </span>Using this procedure one can always look back through time and see a continuous chain of "yous", but trying to do this into the future does not work, it would be like pushing on a string.</b></font></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><i><font face="georgia, serif" size="4"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>It works fine.You just aren't using your imagination. Setup a thought experiment to jump forward in time.<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>Then you can apply your rearward-facing identity comparison function on this future state. If it matches then you can infer that indeed, this current you is linked to this future you.</font></i></div></div></blockquote><div> </div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>You are in London<span class="gmail_default" style=""> in</span> a duplicating chamber<span class="gmail_default" style=""> which will instantly send exact copies of you to Helsinki and Moscow, you close your eyes and push the "start" button. What <u>one</u> city will "you" see when "you" open your eyes? </span><span class="gmail_default" style="">Note that I am not asking what will </span>Jason Resch<span class="gmail_default" style=""> see, the answer to that is clearly London, Helsinki, and Moscow; instead I am asking w</span>hat <u style="">one</u> city will "you" see when "you" open <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">"</span>your<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">"</span> eyes? All three beings are absolutely positively 100% certain that they are<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>Jason Resch<span class="gmail_default" style=""> and are not shy about saying so. But which <u style="">one</u> is "you"? </span></b></font></div><div><br></div><div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> <font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><span class="gmail_default" style="">> </span>This you can make predictions using it.</font></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b>No you cannot!<span class="gmail_default" style=""> Before the experiment you cannot answer the question, you cannot predict if the real "you" will end up being in London, Helsinki or Moscow. In fact it's even worse than that, even <u>AFTER</u> the experiment is over it's <u>STILL</u> impossible to say if the correct answer would've been London or Helsinki or Moscow. And that tells me that the reason the question can't be answered is because it's not a question, it's gibberish. It takes more than a question mark to turn a string of symbols into a question, it's like asking what city will klogknee be in? Gibberish. </span></b></font></div></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto"><i><font face="georgia, serif" size="4"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>After all, what good is a theory that can't make predictions?</font></i></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>A theory that can not make a prediction or even a postdiction is of no use whatsoever. So your theory of personal identity must be wrong. <br></b></font><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b> <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>> </span>As Hugh Everett said in his original PhD thesis that introduced the Many Worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, it would be like asking which one was the real original amoeba after it reproduced by dividing in two. </b></font></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>That's a different problem. In the amoeba case (like a split teletransporter case) there is no unique original, for both have an equal claim.</i></font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Why<span class="gmail_default" style="">, just before you enter the transporter/duplicator chamber, </span>are you<span class="gmail_default" style=""> more original than the amoeba just before it duplicated itself? For that matter what's so original about either of you? Atoms are constantly entering and leaving the bodies of both of you, not that it would matter even if they did not because atoms do not have your names scratched on them; carbon atoms are generic, according to science one carbon atom behaves the same way as any other carbon atom. The only difference between you and me is the way our atoms are arranged. </span> </b></font></div><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><b><br></b></font><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">>></span>And if you reject functionalism then you'd need to take the idea that you're the only conscious being in the universe seriously. Do you really want to do that? </b></font></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>There are many routes to and out of solipsism, but they're are largely independent of any assumptions in philosophy of mind.</i></font></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>And there is a <span class="gmail_default" style="">word</span><span class="gmail_default" style=""> for ideas that don't care about how the mind manages to do what it can do and only cares about what it actually does, and that word is "functionalism ".</span> </b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><br></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>About 15 years ago<span class="gmail_default" style=""> I wrote a post to this list on a somewhat related topic, I repeat it here: </span><br></b></font></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">===</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font size="4">I have a personal problem and I need some advice. <span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">A month ago I finished my matter duplicating machine. It can find the position and velocity of every atom in a human being to the limit imposed by Heisenberg's law. It can then use this information to construct a copy of the person and it does it all in a fraction of a second and without harming the original in any way. You may be surprised that I was able to build such a complicated machine, but you wouldn't be if you knew how good I am with my hands. The birdhouse I made is simply lovely and I have all the latest tools from Sears.</span></font></div></div><div><div class="gmail_quote"><div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div></div><font size="4">I was a little nervous but last week I decided to test the machine by duplicating myself. I walked into the chamber, it filled with smoke (damn those old radio shack capacitors) there was a flash of light, and then 3 feet to my left was a man who looked exactly like me. It was at that instant that the full realization of the terrible thing I did hit me. I yelled "This is monstrous, there can only be one of me!", the other guy yelled exactly the same thing. I thought he was trying to mock me, so I reached for my 44 magnum that I always carry with me (I wonder why people think I'm strange) and pointed it at my double. I noted with alarm that my double also had a gun and he was pointing it at me. I shouted "You don't have the guts to pull the trigger, but I do!". Again he mimicked my words and did so in perfect synchronization, this made me even more angry and I pulled the trigger, he did too. My gun went off but due to a random quantum fluctuation his gun jammed. I buried him in my backyard.</font><br><br><font size="4">Now after time has passed my anger has cooled and I can think more clearly I've had some pangs of <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">guilt</span> about killing a living creature, but that's not what really torments me. How do I know I'm not the copy? I feel exactly the same as before, but would a copy feel different? Actually there is a way to be certain, I have an old VHS video tape of the entire experiment. My memory is that the copy first appeared 3 feet to my LEFT, if the tape shows the original walking into the chamber and the copy materializing 3 feet to his RIGHT, then I would know that I am the copy. But I'm afraid to look at the tape, should I be? If I found out I was the copy what should I do? I suppose I should mourn the death of John K Clark, but how can I, I'm not dead. If I am the copy would that mean that I have no real past and my life is meaningless? Is it important, or should I just burn the tape and forget all about it?</font></div><div class="gmail_quote"><font size="4"><br></font></div><div class="gmail_quote"><font size="4"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">John K Clark</span></font></div></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div> </div></div></div>