<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">On Sat, May 16, 2026 at 9:31 PM Kelly Anderson via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:</span></div></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>Selling<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>bitcoin now only puts your money in banks, stock accounts, or<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>something else that quantum computing can break apart just as easily.</i></font><br></blockquote><div><br></div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Banks and companies have a central authority to organize a transition, very recently Google advanced the time when it would replac<span class="gmail_default" style="">e</span> everything with a quantum resistant<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> </span>algorithm from 2035 to 2029, it's a big job but they will probably be successful. However bitcoin has no central authority <span class="gmail_default" style="">so</span> I don't see how it can make a transition from elliptic curve encryption to something more quantum resistant without it turning into a chaotic mess.</b></font></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>You are aware that Bitcoin can and will change its codebase using<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>its own quantum algorithms if necessary to protect itself.</i></font></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>I asked Cla<span class="gmail_default" style="">ude</span> about that,<span class="gmail_default" style=""> this is his response: </span> </b></font></div><div><br></div><div><font size="4"><b><u>Claud</u><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><u>e</u>:</span></b> <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">"I</span>t gets messy. Bitcoin changes through a process called BIP (Bitcoin Improvement Proposal), which requires rough consensus among developers, miners, node operators, and users. This has historically been <em>extremely</em> contentious — the block size wars of 2017 resulted in a chain split (Bitcoin Cash) over <u>a much simpler technical change</u>. A cryptographic migration would be <u>orders of magnitude more complex</u>. The challenges:</font></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div><div class="gmail-flex-1 gmail-flex gmail-flex-col gmail-px-4 gmail-max-w-3xl gmail-mx-auto gmail-w-full gmail-pt-1"><div class="gmail-group" style="height:auto;opacity:1"><div class="gmail-contents"><div class="gmail-group gmail-relative gmail-relative gmail-pb-3" style="opacity:1"><div class="gmail-font-claude-response gmail-relative gmail-leading-[1.65rem] gmail-[&_pre>div]:bg-bg-000/50 gmail-[&_pre>div]:border-0.5 gmail-[&_pre>div]:border-border-400 gmail-[&_.ignore-pre-bg>div]:bg-transparent gmail-[&_.standard-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pl-2 gmail-[&_.standard-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,ul,ol,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pr-8 gmail-[&_.progressive-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pl-2 gmail-[&_.progressive-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,ul,ol,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pr-8"><div class="gmail-standard-markdown gmail-grid-cols-1 gmail-grid gmail-[&_>_*]:min-w-0 gmail-gap-3 gmail-standard-markdown">
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<li class="gmail-font-claude-response-body gmail-whitespace-normal gmail-break-words gmail-pl-2"><font size="4"><strong>No one can be forced to upgrade.</strong> Coins sitting in old-format addresses (especially "pay to public key" outputs, which directly expose the public key) would remain vulnerable even after a new standard is deployed.</font></li>
<li class="gmail-font-claude-response-body gmail-whitespace-normal gmail-break-words gmail-pl-2"><font size="4"><strong>Lost keys are a wild card.</strong> Satoshi's coins, long-dormant wallets, and lost funds sit in addresses that nobody can migrate. What do you do with them? Let them remain vulnerable? Freeze them? Either answer is politically explosive.</font></li>
<li class="gmail-font-claude-response-body gmail-whitespace-normal gmail-break-words gmail-pl-2"><font size="4"><strong>The UTXO migration problem.</strong> Every unspent output needs to transition to a quantum-resistant format. That requires every single holder to actively move their coins. Historically, a meaningful fraction of Bitcoin simply never moves.</font></li>
<li class="gmail-font-claude-response-body gmail-whitespace-normal gmail-break-words gmail-pl-2"><font size="4"><strong>Which algorithm?</strong> Post-quantum cryptography is still maturing. NIST only finalized its first PQC standards in 2024. Candidates like CRYSTALS-Dilithium (lattice-based) look promising but have larger signature sizes, which would affect Bitcoin's block space economics. Picking the wrong one and having to migrate <em>again</em> would be catastrophic.<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span></font></li>
</ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><font size="4">The most dangerous scenario isn't a gradual migration — it's a situation where the quantum threat materializes faster than expected, the community is still deadlocked on which PQC standard to adopt, and adversaries begin quietly harvesting exposed public keys before anyone acts.<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">"</span></font></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><font size="4"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br></span></font></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4" face="georgia, serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>what doesn't make sense is that<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span>billions of dollars aren't going to defend themselves. They will.</i></font></blockquote><div><br></div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>The simplest and surest way for someone to preserve the value of their bitcoins would be to sell them<span class="gmail_default" style=""> before the quantum shit hits the fan</span>, that is to say convert the bitcoins into Dollars or Euros or Pounds, or <span class="gmail_default" style="">maybe</span> the Chinese Renminbi<span class="gmail_default" style="">. In a post quantum world there will likely be hundreds or thousands of competing quantum resistant crypto currencies floating around (which one should somebody use?) and all of them will use <u>considerably more electrical energy</u> to make a simple economic transition than the <u style="">ridiculously huge</u> amount that bitcoin already wastes; I strongly suspect most will find it's far more productive to use that electrical energy to power AI rather than use it to play around with monopoly money. And after observing the nightmarish chaos of the bitcoin transition I think people will largely lose their taste for <u>all</u> crypto currencies. </span></b></font><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="">John K Clark </span></b></font><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><font size="4"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br></span></font></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><font size="4"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br></span></font></div></div></div>