<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sat, Aug 8, 2026 at 3:09 PM BillK via extropy-chat <<a href="mailto:extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org">extropy-chat@lists.extropy.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"><font size="4" style="" face="georgia, serif"><i style=""><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>I didn't believe the suggestion that an advanced civilization would decide to send out thousands of small, cheap probes to explore the galaxy.</i></font></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>And I don't believe <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">that </span>every single individual in every single advanced civilization<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">,</span><span class="gmail_default" style=""> without even one single exception, decides not to build even one (and you only need one)</span> von Neumann probe.<span class="gmail_default" style=""> Do you really expect absolute 100% agreement between trillions or quadrillions of individuals? </span></b></font></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"><font size="4" style=""><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span><font face="georgia, serif"><i>I asked Qwen AI to review the video. Qwen found the original paper that the video referred to and also thinks that thousands of probes is unlikely to happen.</i></font></font></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div dir="ltr" style=""><span class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size:small">> </font><b style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" style="" size="4">Qwen AI: </font></b></span><font face="arial, sans-serif" style="" size="4"><i>You correctly noted that probes must be self-repairing to survive journeys of 10,000+ years. The interstellar medium is not an empty void; it is filled with cosmic radiation, extreme cold, and micrometeorites. Over millennia, radiation causes "bit-flips" in electronics and degrades semiconductors<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> </span></i></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Although not as intense<span class="gmail_default" style=""> as cosmic radiation </span><span class="gmail_default" style="">l</span>ife on earth<span class="gmail_default" style=""> has also been subjected to radiation and has been producing random mutations in its genetic code for the last 4 billion years, but life still exists; the genome of humans and of millions of other species are NOT filled with gibberish, they still make sense because of redundancy and a primitive repair system. And we can do a lot better than life, it's not surprising really that an intelligent designer can do a better job than natural selection. </span><span style="background-color:transparent;color:rgb(11,11,11)"><span class="gmail_default" style="">I</span>f you use radiation hardening technology and very small transistors then the main danger that radiation would pose to electronics would not be damaging the hardware but in scrambling the software<span class="gmail_default" style="">. </span></span><span style="background-color:transparent"> </span></b></font></div><div><span style="background-color:transparent"><br></span></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="">Claude Shannon told us that if you tell him the minimum amount of error that you're willing to tolerate then as long as it's greater than zero no matter how much noise (a.k.a. random cosmic radiation) there is he can show you an encoding scheme that achieves that low error rate with a minimum of redundancy. </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Although not the primary danger<span class="gmail_default" style=""></span> I cannot deny that <span class="gmail_default" style="">cosmic</span> radiation would <span class="gmail_default" style="">also </span>produce some hardware damage to <span class="gmail_default" style="">a</span> von Neumann probe<span class="gmail_default" style="">, but that could also be managed. </span><span style="background-color:transparent">You can build <u>arbitrarily reliable </u></span><span style="background-color:transparent"><u style="">computation</u></span><span style="background-color:transparent"><u>,</u> not just <u>arbitrarily reliable </u></span><span style="background-color:transparent"><u>transmission</u></span></b></font><span style="background-color:transparent"><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><u>,</u> out of arbitrarily unreliable components, using redundancy<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">;</span> as long as the per-component error rate stays below a threshold<span class="gmail_default" style="">. I</span>t's the computational counterpart <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">to</span> Shannon's theorem</b></font><span class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style="">, and von Neumann (the man not the probe) proved it in his 1956 paper, published after he died, <a href="https://mriedel.ece.umn.edu/wiki/images/a/af/Von_Neumann_Probabilistic_Logics_and_the_Synthesis_of_Reliable_Organisms_from_Unreliable_Components.pdf" style="">Probabilistic Logics and the Synthesis of Reliable Organisms From Unreliable Components</a></b></font></span></span></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small"></div><span style="background-color:transparent"><span class="gmail_default" style=""><b style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif">> <font size="4" style="">QWEN AI:</font></font></b></span><font size="4" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif"> To survive, the paper suggests probes must be "seed factories" capable of self-repair. However, manufacturing at a macro or micro scale requires immense infrastructure</font></span></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Immense<span class="gmail_default" style="">? If you have Drexler style nanotechnology then nothing needs to be "immense", life has already proven that, and we can do better than life. </span> </b></font></div><div><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div dir="ltr" style=""><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:small"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span> </span><span style="font-size:small"><b style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif"></font></b></span><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><font style=""><b>QWEN AI</b>:</font> <span style="background-color:transparent"> <span class="gmail_default" style=""><i>A</i></span></span><i><span style="background-color:transparent"> probe taking 10,000 years to reach a </span><span style="background-color:transparent"> star (and another 10,000 years for the data to return) requires a civilization to maintain a cohesive project over 20,000 years.</span></i></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>No it does not.<span class="gmail_default" style=""> All that's needed is that <u>one</u> individual in <u>one</u> civilization makes <u>one</u> von Neumann probe, after that it doesn't matter what the individual or the civilization does or does not do; in less than 10 million years it would be obvious that the Milky Way has been engineered. And once Drexler style nanotechnology has been developed there will only be two different types of objects: </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="">1) Things that are impossible to make because they violate a fundamental law of physics. </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="">2) Things that are easy and dirt cheap to make. </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="">Nothing will be expensive and difficult to make. And </span></b></font><b style="background-color:transparent;font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:large"><span class="gmail_default">Drexler style nanotechnology requires no new science, just improved engineering. </span></b></div><div><b style="background-color:transparent;font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:large"><span class="gmail_default"><br></span></b></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"></font><font size="4" style=""><b style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif">QWEN AI:</b> <i style=""><font face="arial, sans-serif">O</font></i></font></span><font size="4" style="" face="arial, sans-serif"><i>nce</i></font><font size="4" style="" face="arial, sans-serif"><i> a civilization has massive localized computing power (like a Matrioshka Brain), the physical universe offers very little novelty. Exploring a dead, rocky exoplanet via a slow robot probe is incredibly slow and low-bandwidth. By contrast, retreating into virtual reality allows an advanced mind to simulate trillions of perfect, customized universes at the speed of light</i></font></span></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="">G</span><span class="gmail_default" style="">ood virtual reality requires</span> massive amounts of computational power<span class="gmail_default" style="">, and as is becoming increasingly obvious, massive amounts of computational power </span>requires massive amounts of energy<span class="gmail_default" style="">, and yet the low entropy photons from quadrillions of stars continue to radiate uselessly into infinite space. I can only think of one explanation for that anomaly, we are the first. </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"><font size="4" style=""><span class="gmail_default" style=""><b style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif">QWEN AI:</font></b><i style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> </i></span><i style="font-family:arial,sans-serif">Even if a small, cheap probe successfully reaches an exoplanet 1,000 light-years away, how does it report back?</i></font></span></div><div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:arial,sans-serif"><br></span></div><div><font color="#000000" size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Why does it need to report back?<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span></b></font><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:arial,sans-serif"><br></span></div><div><font color="#000000" size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="4"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span class="gmail_default" style=""><b style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif">QWEN AI</font></b><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif">:</font></span><i style="font-family:arial,sans-serif"> Accelerating a 10 kg payload to 0.01c (3,000 km/s) requires a kinetic energy of roughly </i></span><i><b dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:arial,sans-serif">4.5 × 10¹³ Joules</b><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:arial,sans-serif">—equivalent to the explosive yield of a 10-kiloton nuclear bomb. </span></i></font></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>OK but I don't think that would sound <span class="gmail_default" style="">like </span>an excessive amount of energy <span class="gmail_default" style="">to</span> an individual living in an advanced society with Drexler style nanotechnology,<span class="gmail_default" style=""> but if I'm wrong and it is then only accelerate the probe to 0.001c, you could still engineer the galaxy in the blink of an eye, astronomically speaking. </span> </b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><br></b></font></div><div><b style="font-size:large;background-color:transparent"><span class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif">John K Clark</font></span></b></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
</blockquote></div></div>