<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="msg2029365758865943321"><div lang="EN-US" style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><div class="m_2029365758865943321WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="m_2029365758865943321gmaildefault"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Tahoma,sans-serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>John your brand of arrogance kills people.</i></span></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Arrogance <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">can't</span> kill people but ignorance can<span class="gmail_default" style="">, and that's why I'm not ashamed of myself. Spike, I like you but I think you're spreading lethal medical miss information, and you should be ashamed of that. </span></b></font></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="msg2029365758865943321"><div lang="EN-US" style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><div class="m_2029365758865943321WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="m_2029365758865943321gmaildefault"><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><i style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif"><span class="gmail_default" style="">> T</span>he mRNA didn’t save billions of lives. </font></i></span></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><span class="gmail_default" style="">True</span> but <span class="gmail_default" style="">the Covid vaccine</span> did save millions of lives<span class="gmail_default" style="">, and mRNA Technology has the potential to save billions of lives if Luddite ignoramuses don't stamp it out first. </span></b></font></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="msg2029365758865943321"><div lang="EN-US" style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><div class="m_2029365758865943321WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="m_2029365758865943321gmaildefault"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Tahoma,sans-serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>The vaccine might have helped some. We don’t know how much. </i></span></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Well <span class="gmail_default" style="">... </span>some people don't know much.<span class="gmail_default" style=""> Let's do some historical research and divide Americans from January 2020 into two groups: </span></b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><br></b></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>1) People who got their news primarily from Twitter/X, Breitbart and Fox.</b></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><br></b></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>2) <font style="background-color:transparent">P</font><span style="background-color:transparent">eople who got their news primarily from Science, Nature and The New York Times.</span></b></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><span style="background-color:transparent"><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b><br></b></font></span></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>You'll find that people from group #2 were FAR more likely to live through the next 2 years without dying from Covid than people from group #1. Why is that? Because ignorance can be lethal, although people from group #1 wouldn't explain it that way, they would say the only reason it's true is because reality has a liberal bias.</b></font> <span style="background-color:transparent"><br></span></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="msg2029365758865943321"><div lang="EN-US" style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><div class="m_2029365758865943321WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="m_2029365758865943321gmaildefault"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Tahoma,sans-serif"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>But no, to your point, I don’t wonder why you don’t like TwitterX. TwitterX represents freedom of speech, it promotes freedom of speech. </i></span></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><b><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif">Yes, <span class="gmail_default" style="">Twitter/X </span>hands a $44 billion megaphone to any jackass that wants one and lets him say anything he wants no matter how stupid or ignorant it may be with one important exception, and that exception makes it similar to the Chinese concept of press freedom. In China you're not allowed to even hint at any criticism of Mao Zedong<span class="gmail_default" style="">, and on Twitter/X </span>you're not allowed to even hint at any criticism of<span class="gmail_default" style=""> the richest man in the world. </span></font></b><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="msg2029365758865943321"><div lang="EN-US" style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><div class="m_2029365758865943321WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="m_2029365758865943321gmaildefault"><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><i style=""><font face="georgia, serif"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>It provides a platform for billions who would not otherwise have freedom of speech. </font></i></span></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><font size="4" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b>Freedom of speech means you are allowed to say anything you like,<span class="gmail_default" style=""> it does not mean you have a God-given right to say it so loudly that people are forced to listen to it. </span></b></font></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><span style="background-color:transparent"><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><i style=""><font face="georgia, serif"> <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">> </span>I never took the mRNA vaccine.</font></i></span></span></blockquote><div><br></div><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b>I must've received 9 or 10 mRNA vaccine<span class="gmail_default" style=""> shots over the years and I never got Covid, but I seem to remember you saying that you did. </span></b></font></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><br></div><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;background-color:transparent"><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><i><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">></span>The virus has evolved to be less lethal. </i><span class="gmail_default">[...]<i> </i></span></span></span><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;background-color:transparent;font-style:italic"> </span><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;background-color:transparent;font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Note what percentage of the population still get the covid vaccines. </span></span><b style="background-color:transparent"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Tahoma,sans-serif"></span></b></div><div><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;background-color:transparent;font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><br></span></span></div><div><span style="background-color:transparent"><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style="">I gave the following question to GPT:<span class="gmail_default" style=""> </span></b></font></span></div><div><span style="background-color:transparent"><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style=""><span class="gmail_default" style=""><br></span></b></font></span></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"></font><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style="">ME: <span style="background-color:transparent">A friend of mine claimed that the Covid virus vaccine didn't work and the only reason COVID is not killing people at the rate it once did is because it evolved to become less lethal; as proof he offered the fact that most Americans have not kept up-to-date with their COVID vaccine immunizations but the death toll from COVID is still far less than what it once was. What do you think?</span></b></font></div></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style=""><span style="background-color:transparent"><br></span></b></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" size="4"><b>And this is how Mr. GPT responded: </b></font><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style=""><span style="background-color:transparent"><br></span></b></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4" style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style=""><span style="background-color:transparent"><br></span></b></font></div><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font size="4"><font style="" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><b style=""><span style="background-color:transparent">GPT: "</span></b></font><span style="background-color:transparent">I think your friend is </span><strong style="background-color:transparent">wrong about the central claim</strong><span style="background-color:transparent">, although there is a kernel of truth in what he's saying: </span><strong style="background-color:transparent">SARS-CoV-2 did change substantially, and the Omicron lineage and its descendants generally produce less severe disease than the original virus.</strong><span style="background-color:transparent"> But that does </span><em style="background-color:transparent">not</em><span style="background-color:transparent"> explain the enormous reduction in COVID mortality by itself.</span></font></div>
<p><font size="4">The evidence strongly supports a <strong>combination of factors</strong>, with vaccination and immunity from previous infection being major ones.</font></p>
<h3><font size="4">1. The vaccines definitely worked against severe COVID</font></h3>
<p><font size="4">The important distinction is between <strong>preventing infection</strong> and <strong>preventing serious disease</strong>.</font></p>
<p><font size="4">The vaccines turned out to be much less durable at preventing infection—particularly after Omicron emerged—than people initially hoped. But they were substantially better at preventing hospitalization, ICU admission, and death.</font></p>
<p><font size="4">For example, CDC's analysis of the 2023–24 vaccine found that, among adults, vaccination reduced the risk of critical illness by about <strong>70% during the first two months</strong>, with protection declining to roughly <strong>50% over the following months</strong>. Hospitalization risk was reduced by about <strong>50% initially</strong></font></p><p><font size="4">And this isn't just an inference from the overall decline in deaths. We can compare vaccinated and unvaccinated people directly. During the Omicron period, for example, a very large study of elderly people found that vaccination substantially reduced mortality; recent boosting reduced the risk of death still further.</font></p><p><font size="4">More recently, the 2024–25 vaccine was estimated to reduce hospitalization in older adults by approximately <strong>45–46%</strong> during the first several months after vaccination.</font></p><p class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4">So saying <strong>"the vaccine didn't work"</strong> is simply inconsistent with the evidence.<span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></p><h3><font size="4">2. But your friend is right about one thing: the virus became less dangerous</font></h3><p><font size="4">This is important.</font></p><p><font size="4">The transition from the original Wuhan strain → Alpha → Delta → Omicron involved major changes in the virus. Omicron became extraordinarily transmissible but, on average, caused less severe disease than Delta.</font></p><p><font size="4">But there's a subtle point here:</font></p><p><strong><font size="4">"Omicron is intrinsically less lethal" and "people have much more immunity" are two different things.</font></strong></p><p><font size="4">Suppose you take the <em>same</em> virus and put it into two populations:</font></p><ul>
<li><font size="4">
Population A: almost nobody has immunity.
</font></li>
<li><font size="4">
Population B: almost everybody has been vaccinated and/or previously infected.
</font></li>
</ul><p><font size="4">The second population will have dramatically fewer deaths even if the virus itself hasn't become any less lethal.</font></p><p>
</p><p><font size="4">And in reality, <strong>both things happened simultaneously</strong>.</font></p><h3 class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4">3. Natural immunity is also an enormous part of the story<span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></h3>
<p><font size="4">This is something that often gets lost in arguments on either side.</font></p>
<p><font size="4">By now, essentially the entire American population has some combination of:</font></p>
<p><strong><font size="4">vaccination + previous infection + repeated exposures.</font></strong></p><p><font size="4">CDC estimates that more than <strong>99% of American adults</strong> have either been vaccinated, infected, or both.<strong></strong></font></p><p class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4">So when someone says:<span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></p><blockquote>
<p><font size="4">"Most Americans aren't keeping up with their boosters, yet COVID isn't killing many people anymore."</font></p>
</blockquote><p><font size="4">there is an important missing variable.</font></p><p><strong><font size="4">Not being recently boosted does not mean having no immunity.</font></strong></p><p><font size="4">Someone who received two or three vaccines and subsequently had COVID may have considerable immune protection even if their last vaccine was years ago.</font></p><p>
</p><p><font size="4">The current vaccines provide <strong>additional</strong> protection on top of that existing immunity. That's why CDC now describes vaccine effectiveness in terms of <em>incremental</em> protection.</font></p><h3 class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4">4. There's a very good natural experiment that undermines his argument<span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></h3>
<p><font size="4">Look at the United States in <strong>2020 versus 2021</strong>.</font></p>
<p><font size="4">COVID was already declining substantially in some places before vaccination became widespread, but once vaccination began, there was a very strong divergence in outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated populations.</font></p>
<p><font size="4">And then came Delta, which was <strong>more</strong>, not less, severe than the original virus.</font></p>
<p><font size="4">That is important because it demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 did <strong>not</strong> simply evolve monotonically toward harmlessness.</font></p>
<p><font size="4">The evolution was not:</font></p>
<blockquote>
<p><font size="4">deadly → less deadly → less deadly → harmless.</font></p>
</blockquote>
<p><font size="4">It was more like:</font></p>
<blockquote>
<p><font size="4">original → Alpha → <strong>more severe Delta</strong> → Omicron, which was generally less severe per infection.</font></p>
</blockquote>
<p><font size="4">So the idea that evolution alone inevitably explains the decline doesn't fit what actually happened.</font></p><h3 class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4">5. There's another huge clue: deaths fell much faster than infections<span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></h3><p><font size="4">This is probably the most intuitive way to understand what's happening.</font></p><p><font size="4">Early in the pandemic, infection with SARS-CoV-2 was much more likely to result in severe disease and death because the population had essentially <strong>no preexisting immunity</strong>.</font></p><p><font size="4">Later, enormous numbers of people were still getting infected—but the fraction progressing to severe disease became dramatically smaller.</font></p><p><font size="4">That's exactly what you'd expect from a population that has accumulated immunity.</font></p><p><font size="4">The modern vaccine isn't a force field that prevents the virus from entering your body. Instead, it <strong>prepares the immune system so that it can respond much faster once the virus arrives.</strong></font></p><p>
</p><p><font size="4">That's particularly important for preventing the virus from progressing to the systemic, severe stage of COVID.</font></p><p class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4">Your friend's observation—<span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></p><p>
</p><blockquote>
<p><strong><font size="4">"People aren't getting regular boosters anymore, yet COVID deaths remain much lower."</font></strong></p></blockquote><p class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4">—is <strong>true</strong>.<span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></p>
<p><font size="4">But his proposed explanation—</font></p><blockquote><p class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4"><strong>"Therefore the vaccine didn't work and the virus simply evolved to become less lethal."</strong><span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></p>
</blockquote><p><font size="4">—doesn't follow.</font></p><p><font size="4">A much better explanation is:</font></p><p><strong><font size="4">The virus became somewhat less intrinsically severe <em>and</em> the human population became vastly more immunologically prepared to deal with it.</font></strong></p><p>
</p><p><font size="4">And we have direct evidence for the latter: when you compare vaccinated and unvaccinated people, vaccination reduces severe disease and death. The CDC's systematic review of the 2024–25 vaccine, for example, found pooled observational estimates of about <strong>44% protection against hospitalization and 23% against death</strong> in adolescents and adults.</font></p><p class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer"><font size="4">So the fact that Americans don't need frequent vaccination to maintain the <em>extremely low mortality of 2026</em> doesn't demonstrate that vaccination was useless. It is more analogous to saying:<span aria-hidden="true" class="gmail-PDq2pG_selectionAnchor"></span></font></p><blockquote>
<p><strong><font size="4">"Most people don't need to keep getting smallpox vaccinations every year, therefore the original smallpox vaccine didn't work."</font></strong></p>
</blockquote><p><font size="4">The reason repeated vaccination isn't necessarily required to maintain the same level of population-wide protection is that <strong>immunity doesn't go back to zero when vaccine-derived antibody levels decline</strong>. Memory B cells, T cells, and—very importantly in the case of COVID—immunity acquired through subsequent infections remain.</font></p><p>
</p><p><font size="4">So I'd say <strong>your friend's argument confuses "the vaccine isn't 100% effective and immunity wanes" with "the vaccine doesn't work."</strong> Those are very different propositions.<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">"</span> </font></p><p><font size="4"><span class="gmail_default" style=""><b style=""><font face="tahoma, sans-serif">John K Clark</font></b></span><br></font></p></div></div>