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<DIV><FONT size=2>This is a quick one, Howard. Here you are on the same
trail I was when I first saw that the rich in human society are the
usually the biological dispersal phenotype. Indeed, the rich are
notoriously our pioneers! And they are BIOLOGICALLY! structured to be that way
thanks to luxurious nutrition beginning with conception. See my old <EM>Life
Strategies</EM>...(1978) book on this issue, chapter 6 entitled "<U>How
genes communicate with the environment - the biology of inequity</U>" .
Yes, yes and yes again to your musings. You are on track. Cheers, Val
Geist</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
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<DIV
style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=HowlBloom@aol.com
href="mailto:HowlBloom@aol.com">HowlBloom@aol.com</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=paleopsych@paleopsych.org
href="mailto:paleopsych@paleopsych.org">paleopsych@paleopsych.org</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, July 28, 2004 6:51
AM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> [Paleopsych] It pays to lick the
rich</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV
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<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.85pt solid">
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
face="Courier New" size=2>Can the balance of nerve growth factor and of
glucorticoids be one of the stress balancers in the brain, the ones
I’ve been hunting down, the one that can cave in in chronic fatigue
syndrome?</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
size=2><FONT face="Courier New"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
face="Courier New" size=2>Different strokes produce different
folks—provided those folks are rats.</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
face="Courier New" size=2>A loving mother, a mother who pets and licks
you, makes you confident.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>A
skittish mother who hesitates to touch you preordains you to be easily
spooked.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Hugs—or the lack
of them—change the way genes function.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Those genes boost or block nerve
growth factor and the way your brain handles stress hormones. This reset
of genes resets something grander—personality.</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
size=2><FONT face="Courier New"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
face="Courier New" size=2>Pulling out to look at the slightly larger
picture, if your mother was under lots of threat and was too nervous to
cuddle you, you may well be born into the high-risk world that made her
so distraught.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>In a world
filled with danger, it may make sense to be fearful and hide.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>On the other hand, if your mom
felt rosy, confident, and on top of her world, she may have been
cruising along in an atmosphere of privilege, abundance, and
safety.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>If you’re born
into her sphere of rank and guaranteed plenty, confident exploration may
be a luxury you can well afford.</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
size=2><FONT face="Courier New"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
face="Courier New" size=2>Earlier research once convinced me that the
rich do much to explore the strange on our behalf.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>They play status games by
competing to own things that are rare and strange.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>As a consequence, they act as
antennae, feeding novelty and fresh possibilities into our brains.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The status symbols of the rich
are often goods from exotic cultures or from mine shafts half way round
the world, shafts in diamond or titanium tunnels it takes a huge
investment to excavate.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Or
the rich go for ancient masterpieces and archaelogical treasures from
digs in obscure places and from layers left by the people of even more
obscure periods of time.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>The rich, with their smug self-confidence bring riches like the
rarities at the Museum of Natural History, the Field Museum, the Louvre,
the Getty, and the Tate into the mainstream.</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
size=2><FONT face="Courier New"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
face="Courier New" size=2>It’s a drag to praise the rich for
anything.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>They have so much
more money than you and me that envy’s more the order of the day.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>But apparently if their
moms—or nannies—lick them regularly, they can boldly buy where no
man has bought before, and in the process add to our middle-class
lives.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Howard</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><FONT
face="Courier New" size=2>Retrieved July 28, 2004, from the World Wide
Web </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><SPAN
style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'"><A
href="http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20040717/fob3.asp"><FONT
face="Courier New"
size=2>http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20040717/fob3.asp</FONT></A><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 465.0pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-left: 1.55pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"><SPAN
style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'"><FONT size=2><FONT
face="Courier New"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Science
News Online<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Week of July
17, 2004; Vol. 166, No. 3 Groomed DNA Handles Threats: Mothering styles
alter rats' stress responses<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Bruce Bower<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>A rodent
mother can't scold or praise her offspring, but her approach to
mothering lays a genetic foundation for her pups' life-long response to
threats, neuroscientists have found. <B><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Rats raised by moms who
frequently lick and groom them undergo permanent changes in patterns of
gene activity, leading to a penchant for exploratory behavior in
stressful situations</B>, say Michael J. Meaney and his colleagues at
McGill University in Montreal.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>In contrast, <B>rats raised with little maternal contact end up
with gene activity that fosters fearfulness in the face of stress</B>,
the researchers report in the August Nature Neuroscience. From an
evolutionary perspective, <B>having both behaviors in a population is
beneficial</B>.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>"Early
experience can have lifelong consequences on behavior, and [this new
report] reveals the genetic scaffolding of this phenomenon to an
unprecedented extent," remarks neuroscientist Robert Sapolsky of
Stanford University.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Meaney's group previously showed that <B>female rats express
either a high- or a low-contact mothering style.</B> <B>Animals raised
with lots of physical contact later react to stress by secreting small
amounts of glucocorticoids</B>, a class of stress hormones. <B>These
rats also possess large numbers of glucocorticoid receptors in</B> an
inner-brain structure called <B>the hippocampus. Rats raised with little
physical contact secrete large amounts of glucocorticoids when stressed
and possess relatively few receptors for these hormones.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>In another study, Meaney's group
found that pups raised by doting mothers had high concentrations of
</B>a substance called <B>nerve growth factor–inducible protein A
(NGFI-A) in their hippocampi. It attaches to genes for glucocorticoid
receptors</B>, boosting those genes' capacity to regulate the hormone's
secretion.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><B>The
researchers' new report shows how NGFI-A offers stress-fighting aid only
to pampered rats. On the first day after birth, in all the rat pups,
regulatory proteins inactivate NGFI-A's binding location on
glucocorticoid-receptor genes. Over the next week, in rats raised with
high-contact mothering, the concentration of these regulatory proteins
decreases sufficiently to enable NGFI-A to do its job of boosting
production of hormone receptors</B>. These rats retain this genetic
trait for life, the investigators say.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><B>In contrast, the regulatory
proteins in unpampered rats stay high, and the abundance of hormone
receptors remains low.</B><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Moreover, only <B>high-contact</B> animals displayed another
biochemical change, according to Meaney's team. The change <B>decreased
the binding of histones to DNA, thereby letting NGFI-A attach and boost
the activity of glucocorticoid-receptor genes.</B><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The researchers also tested <B>a
drug that blocks the binding of histones to DNA.</B> <B>When </B>they
<B>injected</B> it <B>into adult rats</B> that had been <B>raised by
low-contact mothers</B>, the scientists found that <B>the animals
responded to stress much as pampered animals do</B>. These behaviors
were reflected on the molecular level, in patterns of expression of
stress hormones and receptors.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Whether differing styles by human mothers induce similar
molecular changes in their offspring remains an open question.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>If you have a comment on this
article that you would like considered for publication in Science News,
send it to editors@sciencenews.org. Please include your name and
location.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>To subscribe to
Science News (print), go to https://www.kable.com/pub/scnw/
subServices.asp.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>To sign up
for the free weekly e-LETTER from Science News, go to
http://www.sciencenews.org/pages/subscribe_form.asp.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>References:<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Weaver, I.C.G. . . . and M.J.
Meaney. In press. Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior. Nature
Neuroscience. Abstract available at
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1276.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Sources:<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Michael J.
Meaney McGill Program for the Study of Behaviour, Genes and Environment
McGill University 3655 Sir William Osler Promenade Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6
Canada<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Robert Sapolsky
Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University
School of Medicine Gilbert Laboratory, MC 5020 Stanford, CA
94305-5020<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20040717/fob3.asp<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>From Science News, Vol. 166, No.
3, July 17, 2004, p. 36.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Copyright (c) 2004 Science Service. All rights reserved.
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT lang=0 face=Arial size=2 PTSIZE="10"
FAMILY="SANSSERIF">----------<BR>Howard Bloom<BR>Author of The Lucifer
Principle: A Scientific Expedition Into the Forces of History and Global
Brain: The Evolution of Mass Mind From The Big Bang to the 21st
Century<BR>Visiting Scholar-Graduate Psychology Department, New York
University; Faculty Member, The Graduate
Institute<BR>www.howardbloom.net<BR>www.bigbangtango.net<BR>Founder:
International Paleopsychology Project; founding board member: Epic of
Evolution Society; founding board member, The Darwin Project; founder: The Big
Bang Tango Media Lab; member: New York Academy of Sciences, American
Association for the Advancement of Science, American Psychological Society,
Academy of Political Science, Human Behavior and Evolution Society,
International Society for Human Ethology; advisory board member:
Youthactivism.org; executive editor -- New Paradigm book series.<BR>For
information on The International Paleopsychology Project, see:
www.paleopsych.org<BR>for two chapters from <BR>The Lucifer Principle: A
Scientific Expedition Into the Forces of History, see
www.howardbloom.net/lucifer<BR>For information on Global Brain: The Evolution
of Mass Mind from the Big Bang to the 21st Century, see
www.howardbloom.net<BR></FONT></DIV>
<P>
<HR>
<P></P>
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<DIV> </DIV>
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