[ExI] Fwd: Remembrance of futures past

Tue May 25 20:06:37 UTC 2021

disappointing tech

---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Paul Krugman <nytdirect at nytimes.com>
Date: Tue, May 25, 2021 at 11:31 AM
Subject: Remembrance of futures past
To: <foozler83 at gmail.com>

Why does technology so often disappoint?
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<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/5Mwltpph_5TCFwH5C2PpmQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP4QnAWh0dHBzOi8vbWVzc2FnaW5nLWN1c3RvbS1uZXdzbGV0dGVycy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS90ZW1wbGF0ZS9vYWt2Mj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnByb2R1Y3RDb2RlPVBLJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVyaT1ueXQlM0ElMkYlMkZuZXdzbGV0dGVyJTJGNzQzZGU5NWYtNmI0YS01YmI5LWFmMjktNTkwN2ZiZGNlNTE3JnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>
|nytimes.com
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/dsylI2LEW61ZPBsGig1FDw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0SvaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>
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<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/nQ5YpZA54dwuwU6vtZIBWQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzAyMjE5JmxpPVBLJm09NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzgmcD1QS18yMDIxMDUyNVcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>

[image: Paul Krugman]
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/_OjYavfU02HaXaNgc-BPPQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TCaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY29sdW1uL3BhdWwta3J1Z21hbj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>

May 25, 2021
[image: Author Headshot]
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/9fSn0gEAURD7jE6AN3LgSg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvcGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>

By Paul Krugman
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/9fSn0gEAURD7jE6AN3LgSg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvcGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>

Opinion Columnist

Last week I wrote about cryptocurrency
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/hwwQS__MnIBBNGodlR9oFQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yMC9vcGluaW9uL2NyeXB0b2N1cnJlbmN5LWJpdGNvaW4uaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>,
which is sort of becoming the monetary equivalent of the old joke about
Brazil: “It’s the country of the future, and always will be.” The article
drew a predictable wave of outrage from crypto fanatics — and there are no
fanatics like crypto fanatics. What probably offended them most was my
observation that this “revolutionary” technology is actually getting kind
of old — Bitcoin was invented in 2009 — and has yet to find significant
legitimate uses.

Cryptocurrency isn’t the only technology to disappoint. Self-driving cars
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/mSSbdTIYUH7kcl-W9Vs12g~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP4QaAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMjEvMDUvMjQvdGVjaG5vbG9neS9zZWxmLWRyaXZpbmctY2Fycy13YWl0Lmh0bWw_YWN0aW9uPWNsaWNrJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZtb2R1bGU9V2VsbCZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcGd0eXBlPUhvbWVwYWdlJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VjdGlvbj1CdXNpbmVzcyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>
were supposed to be ruling the road by now. And basically nothing in the
1968 movie “2001: A Space Odyssey
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/CM10XyZvXvsFIL6mTlTfGQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S8aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW1kYi5jb20vdGl0bGUvdHQwMDYyNjIyLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>”
has happened yet; neither the space hotel nor the homicidal computer. (OK,
we do have video calls.)

Not everything has fallen short. Solar and wind power have made incredible
progress
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/7h-vo-DQyDCK5aWMdwEmgA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TJaHR0cHM6Ly9vdXJ3b3JsZGluZGF0YS5vcmcvY2hlYXAtcmVuZXdhYmxlcy1ncm93dGg_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>.
And I assume I’m not the only person who, forced into trying new things
during quarantine, discovered that you can produce some pretty amazing
meals in an electronic pressure cooker.

Still, the data bear out the general sense that the real-world utility of
new technology has fallen far short of the hype. Labor productivity — real
output per person hour — has risen only about half as fast
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/JVnjEvImLdEgKEflpR18Rw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0S7aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmxzLmdvdi9scGMvcHJvZHliYXIuaHRtP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>
since 2007 as it did in the generation after World War II. Why measure from
2007? Well, it was the eve of the financial crisis; but it also happens to
be the year Apple introduced the original iPhone
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/HAMqdNFhJMOJs8oUa99aiw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmFua215Y2VsbC5jb20vYmxvZy9pcGhvbmUtZXZvbHV0aW9uLXRpbWVsaW5lLWNoYXJ0P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>.
So much technoglitz; so little G.D.P. Why?
Continue reading the main story <#m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-0>
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<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/WV_3PmIuzWP1f6BDhT9zCw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzAyMjIzJmxpPVBLJm09NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzgmcD1QS18yMDIxMDUyNVcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>

A new paper
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/VkJUqGDB_tPwL0Ge-6IKbQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TzaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJvb2tpbmdzLmVkdS90ZWNoc3RyZWFtL2hvdy10by1zb2x2ZS10aGUtcHV6emxlLW9mLW1pc3NpbmctcHJvZHVjdGl2aXR5LWdyb3d0aC8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>
by Erik Brynjolfsson, Seth Benzell and Daniel Rock tries to answer that
question; to their credit, given that Brynjolfsson in particular has built
a career emphasizing the revolutionary changes technology is bringing, one
of their options is that when all is said and done, new technologies, while
eye-catching, aren’t all that. Their favored explanation, however, boils
down to: just you wait. The idea is that it takes a while for businesses to
figure out how to make the best use of radical new technologies, and that
you shouldn’t expect big things until they do.

I like this argument, and I would find it persuasive … if I hadn’t heard it
all before.

You see, this isn’t the first time information technology has disappointed.
During the 70s and 80s computers proliferated with astonishing speed; you
young whippersnappers have no idea how big a deal it was to have your own
screen and keyboard sitting on your desk. Yet the economy remained mired in
a long stretch of productivity stagnation. As the great M.I.T. economist
Robert Solow remarked
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/czBzkgKvzstj-Sj_pf36RA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0T-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJvb2tpbmdzLmVkdS9hcnRpY2xlcy90aGUtc29sb3ctcHJvZHVjdGl2aXR5LXBhcmFkb3gtd2hhdC1kby1jb21wdXRlcnMtZG8tdG8tcHJvZHVjdGl2aXR5Lz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>,
“You can see the computer age everywhere but in the productivity
statistics.”

Enter the economic historian Paul David, with a fascinating 1990 paper
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/l5NHWjUiqmotlM5WA2J5cQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TcaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuanN0b3Iub3JnL3N0YWJsZS8yMDA2NjAwP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnNlcT0xJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOCNtZXRhZGF0YV9pbmZvX3RhYl9jb250ZW50c1cDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>
titled “The Dynamo and the Computer.” David showed that it took decades
before the advantages of electrification really showed up in economic
growth, because it took time before, to take one example, manufacturers
realized that replacing overhead shafts and pullies with electric motors
meant that factories could be sprawling structures with wide aisles, not
cramped multistory buildings with a steam engine in the basement.
Continue reading the main story <#m_-7693481013255914721_a11y-skip-1>
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David’s point was that we could expect something similar with computers:
eventually businesses would learn what to do with them, and productivity
would surge. Sure enough, around 1995 U.S. productivity growth really did
take off, beginning a rocket-like ascent.

Which lasted for around a decade, then stalled out.

Maybe this time is different. But so far the fact is that in an era when we
talk constantly about technology and glamorize techies, the actual economic
payoffs have been largely — not universally, but largely — disappointing.
And because we’ve been through this kind of disappointment before, it’s
hard to avoid feeling a bit cynical.
Quick Hits

The technologies
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/34RT6zjH54vJZqcDAFbnjg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TTaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY3J1bW15LmNvbS93cml0aW5nL2hvc3RlZC9UaGUlMjBZZWFyJTIwMjAwMC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTExNiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9wa18yMDIxMDUyNSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zMTUxOSZubD1wYXVsLWtydWdtYW4mcmVnaV9pZD02NDE1OTc3NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTU4OTcwJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01ZTcxMTM5Yjc5YWIxNDMzZDA3NzEwZDhmODgzNTZjOFcDbnl0QgpgpUgmrWBUztlPUhNmb296bGVyODNAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>
that seemed “highly likely” in the 60s; most didn’t make it.

Whatever happened to supersonic travel
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/f1zi0Fpz_uVo4frrn0zZ7Q~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP4QJAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJ1c2luZXNzaW5zaWRlci5jb20vc3VwZXJzb25pYy1jb21tZXJjaWFsLWpldHMtY29uY29yZGUtZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQtdGltZWxpbmUtc29uaWNib29tLWFpcmNyYWZ0LTIwMjAtNz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>
?

Weren’t we supposed to have virtual reality
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/ZeFeOp7DEA8vcxubWInaGQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TVaHR0cHM6Ly9mb3J0dW5lLmNvbS9sb25nZm9ybS92aXJ0dWFsLXJlYWxpdHktc3RydWdnbGUtaG9wZS12ci8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>
by now?

Unless Pelotons
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/smgyhofoxD6CxW9GLiZvMg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP4QPAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJ1c2luZXNzb2ZmYXNoaW9uLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9lbnRyZXByZW5ldXJzaGlwL3BlbG90b24tZm91bmRlci1oaXRzLWJpbGxpb25haXJlLXN0YXR1cy1vbi1ob21lLXdvcmtvdXQtYm9vbT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>
count.
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Facing the Music
Thinking about the futureYouTube

OK, what about my technology
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IN THE TIMES
TikTok, the Fastest Way on Earth to Become a Food Star

The app offers explosive growth for content creators. Gen Z cooks are
taking advantage.

By Taylor Lorenz
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/XWoCtiHifZRYpC1FCoqBmQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TRaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yNC9kaW5pbmcvdGlrdG9rLWZvb2QuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0xMTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfcGtfMjAyMTA1MjUmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzE1MTkmbmw9cGF1bC1rcnVnbWFuJnJlZ2lfaWQ9NjQxNTk3NzYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD01ODk3MCZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NWU3MTEzOWI3OWFiMTQzM2QwNzcxMGQ4Zjg4MzU2YzhXA255dEIKYKVIJq1gVM7ZT1ITZm9vemxlcjgzQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>
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N.Y.C. Will Eliminate Remote Learning for Next School Year

All students and staff members will be back in school buildings full time
come September, Mayor Bill de Blasio said on Monday.

By Eliza Shapiro
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/XfRZQVR68q5MzxwLRrxszA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRij6tIP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNS8yNC9ueXJlZ2lvbi9ueWMtc2Nob29scy1yZW9wZW5pbmctcmVtb3RlLWxlYXJuaW5nLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MTE2JmVtYz1lZGl0X3BrXzIwMjEwNTI1Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTMxNTE5Jm5sPXBhdWwta3J1Z21hbiZyZWdpX2lkPTY0MTU5Nzc2JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NTg5NzAmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTVlNzExMzliNzlhYjE0MzNkMDc3MTBkOGY4ODM1NmM4VwNueXRCCmClSCatYFTO2U9SE2Zvb3psZXI4M0BnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>
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Why Students Are Logging In to Class From 7,000 Miles Away

Students are joining remote classes from outside the country. In one New
Jersey school district, computers were traced to 24 countries on a day last
month.

By Tracey Tully
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Global Cactus Traffickers Are Cleaning Out the Deserts

A recent raid in Italy involving rare Chilean species highlights the
growing scale of a black market in the thorny plants.

By Rachel Nuwer
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